It does depend on the teenager of course! Some prefer fishing, cycling, hiking/camping/natural history and study of the natural world around them and wouldn't be interested in the things a city offers. (Hate shopping, can wait for films to be on DVDs and are not going to be joining sports clubs or after school activities either.)
Friends count for a lot. We found one small village was ok until they got to know us a bit and then we were all ostracised as outsiders and not fitting in. Still no idea what it was we were supposed to have done wrong, but that was enough for me to move away. Yes, the transport was going to be a problem if our teens wanted more independence. But teens accept that, and for many it is an incentive to find part time to help pay for driving lessons.
The other consideration is being in a city it is easier to find part time work. For us, it has also meant seeing more of DH (he works away from home and he had to drive through the city to get to the village).
Then there is the convenience of walking to a local shop to get essentials, or a family pub or park or sports club. How does adverse weather affect the morw rural location (I found I had to dig 2 cars out of snow more times than I was happy with, and roads frequently closed due to flooding so long detours ensued to get to and from piano/swimming lessons.)
Primarily, a house move has to be you and any other adults want. You can't do it against the grain of what you want and then say 'but we moved for you' to a teen. That is too much culpability to pile on their shoulders. If it is so you don't tuen into the family taxi service, then that is a valid reason, but realise it is for your benefit and not his.
So what suits each member of the family?