Hi Aleinabottle:
My brother teachers 5th Grade (= Year 6 age group - but only 5th year of formal education) in US and his advice is always:
Think of primary school as a marathon not a 100m dash
and frankly it was the best piece of advice.
Frankly best to see Year R as a time for adjusting to the new environment and settling in to school life. It is about STARTING to learn the 3Rs but keep telling yourself ROME WASN'T BUILT IN A DAY.
There will be those kids that pick up reading faster, or adding/ subtracting/ multiplying or can speak 3 languages or are Grade X in ballet or swimming. But that's life really - there's always someone who can do it better out there. We all have our different strengths/ weaknesses. Best not to see it as a competition - it will drive you mad - or you'll drive other parents mad.
So my advice with DD1 (currently Y6) soon to be moving on to senior school is this:
Be supportive (try to look on the bright side/ be positive)
Be constructive (if things aren't going well - don't expend energy getting upset/ think of solutions)
Be proactive - make the point of observing what the problems are/ where they might need support.
Be diplomatic. Learn from my mistakes - if you think your child should be doing more probably better to deal with it yourself rather than approach the school - buy the workbook/ play the educational video games/ visit the educational website/ etc... - just don't broadcast it.
Be involved with your child. It's not always easy when you're busy with work and if you've have had a long week it's tempting to put off reading the guided reading book with your child or just ignore it entirely - but I would advise making whatever school homework there is part of your routine and really use that time to get to appreciate what your child can and can't do and consider how to help them where you can. The internet is brilliant - and most good schools will have links to useful websites to help with various areas of the curriculum. Woodlands Junior School Resources is always a brilliant place to start: resources.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/ - more from Y1 onwards than yR.
whether you get involved with things at school - voluteering/ joining PTA/ running for governors/ etc... is entirely up to you. You seem to be suggesting you're relatively shy socially - if that is the case my advice to you is be friendly, say hello to people in the morning and try to learn names of your child's friends/ parents of friends - but don't feel obliged to do more than you are comfortable with. It's perfectly fine to just drop off and go.
Do your research: Mumsnet/ OFSTED/ new national curriculum programmes of study: www.gov.uk/government/collections/national-curriculum/ newspaper articles/ etc... - make a point of being broadly aware of what should notionally be happening for your child. I found talking to friends with similar aged children really useful - to gauge what was going well/ what wasn't going well for DD1. If the school has meetings for Year R (usually one early in the year to explain to parents what will be happening/ what type of phonics method will be taught/ etc....) - try and make a point of attending those & parent/ teacher meetings.
HTH