Hi holidayseeker:
I think doing extra work at home somewhat depends on what your school is doing. Some schools give a lot of homework, opportunities for extra independent work (Bug Club, My Maths, Education City, Espresso, etc... which can be used for electronically marked homework, game play and extra independent learning) and others do next to nothing.
So our situation is DD1 is in Y6. No reading books are coming home. Guided reading books don't come home in KS2 because children lose them/ do not return them. Library books aren't coming home because there is some glitch (which has been going on for years) in the computer system so books can't be checked out. Volunteer librarian is also in poor health and often away. Allegedly DD1 has 2.5 hours of homework over a week - 2 hours of which is reading. The reality is that if I didn't buy books, borrow books or encourage trading books with friends DD1 wouldn't read. She's meant to read 15-20 minutes a night - on average I'd say it's more like 30 minutes + as she reads to relax before bed (bedtime is relatively early at our house 8 - 8:30 p.m.).
30 minutes a week she gets 1 photocopied maths worksheet (usually from a Heinemann maths book) and one photocopied grammar worksheet (usually from CGP/ Letts/ etc...) and one brief writing assignment (write about your favourite character, write a review of the book, write a letter to a character, etc...).
This is enjoyable and manageable - DD1 can do all of this on her own with very little help from me, save maybe finding a pen or relocating a book. However....
It doesn't match what her incredibly bright friend (who did pass the 11+) gets (also at a state school - 1 mile from us):
2 books sent home from school a week
Guided reading includes assignments to read Chapter X by Weds or by Monday twice a week
option of 3 homework assignments in English/ Maths/ Science:
Science might be to draw the parts of a plant, refract light off a mirror (provided by school) and see where it lands (and draw a sketch of how it worked).
Maths homework might be an NRICH maths problem to solve. (She has got wise to this and sometimes if stuck checks answers - but her mother says most of the time she works it out herself).
English homework might be to write a play, write a formal letter to someone you admire inviting them to speak at your school (which has resulted in visits from authors & a musician), write an alternative ending to your favourite story, etc...
In the main this school gets 90% - 95% uptake on all 3 homeworks - and the fact that they are relatively loose assignments where you can do as much or as little as you like.
Our school gets ca. 10% to NC L5 and their school gets 60%+ to NC Level 5.
I'm sure there's more to it than just homework - but one does get the impression that the curriculum, what they're asking of the children and encouraging interests makes a huge difference to enthusing them as learners - and gets the results.
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For us, and because maths was literally endlessly drawing bead patterns in KS1, I gave up on the school curriculum and joined Mathsfactor: www.themathsfactor.com/. It is a monthly subscription (£14.99) - and they recommend your child uses it 5x a week - so roughly 1 to 1 1/2 hours commitment each week - but that works out to about £1 a time - and frankly the improvement and solid calculation skills my DD1 has now are totally totally worth it.
Others here have suggested:
Mathletics: www.mathletics.co.uk/
Math Whizz: www.whizz.com/
Komodo Maths: komodomath.com/
Khan Academy: www.khanacademy.org/ - click LEARN on black menu bar, then click Math. This is a US curriculum so bear in mind US grades are one year behind - e.g. GRADE 5 in US = YEAR 6 in England. Khan academy does have one advantage - it is totally FREE.
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I highly recommend Woodland Junior School Learning Resources: resources.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/ - again TOTALLY FREE OF CHARGE.
ESPECIALLY their wonderful MATHS ZONE: resources.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/maths/index.html
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For times table practice - again woodlands junior school MATHS ZONE - select TIMES TABLES & search out appropriate resources or games.
A really useful game to play once you sort of know your tables but need to improve speed of recall is TIMEZ ATTACK. You're cast as a small ogre and in the free version you run through a dungeon or a castle solving multiplication problems - which are presented as both the traditional vertical numeric problem and also as multiple additions. Link here: www.bigbrainz.com/
Personally I think spending a bit of time to help your kid truly master their times table is the best investment you can make because sound times table facts & inverse facts (e.g. 36 divided by 4 = 9) underpins so much further maths in secondary & beyond.... e.g. www.greatmathsteachingideas.com/2014/01/05/youve-never-seen-the-gcse-maths-curriculum-like-this-before/ - the second image shows the multiplication/ division of whole numbers underpins the entire GCSE maths curriculum.
Finally because our school was in denial about the roll-out of SPAG last year - I invested in CGP literacy Year 4/ 5 workbooks for DD1 (also in run-up to 11+ thought it may be of help). They're funny, a page takes next to no time - 10 minutes tops - and they review most of the grammatical rules a 10 year old needs to contend with.
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Every parent has to make their own decisions and that has to be in the context of the delivery of curriculum their school is providing for their DC. Our school frequently 'forgets' to send homework home, seems to struggle with sending books home and is 'light' in many areas (i.e. I had to teach DD1 that XX meant 20 - she couldn't understand what it was doing at the front of a chapter in a book she was reading). Officially things like Roman numerals and spelling numbers to 20 are on the current national curriculum - but many schools cover it only briefly in school and never reinforce it with homework (spellings, worksheets, etc....).
An experiment:
Ask your child how to write the number 15 in a binary system? This should be taught - it's on the old national curriculum - but it isn't.
How do you write the number 15 in a system with only 0s and 1s - by the way your computer works in this system:
here's a quick video explaining it:
and a game for practice:
forums.cisco.com/CertCom/game/binary_game_page.htm
It's not the end of the world of course - but wouldn't it be amazing world if every Y6 kid just knew about this & could handle it. Given it underpins all these ipads, tablets, computers & mobile phones in the technology surrounding us - it utilises multiples/ patterns/ exponents/ indices/ 'code' - isn't it worth learning about?