Hi kiwidreamer:
Right Y1 is a transition from nursery style learning through play to more formal working as a student - but is not necessarily rolled out on day one.
You'll probably find that the children are put into groups (these usually have names like spheres, diamonds, rubies, red, orange, etc....). This is effectively streaming the children into ability groups. Small group working with a number of children at the same ability is helpful in that teachers/ TAs can work on the skills they need then with a small group of children who are struggling in that area. However, not all group work is ability reality - there may be starter tables and ad hoc groups to do things like art or science projects. Don't get too hung up on what group your child is in - what's more important is that you can see you're child is progressing (i.e. couldn't sound at words at start of term, but now can easily for one syllable words and with some help for larger words).
They will have the same number of breaks. (morning, lunch time & afternoon)
The school will provide everything although you may get requests to send in things like plastic bottles for art projects.
They will have their week regimented into specific units - reading and maths will probably happen daily, but there will be days for PE, days for history, language, music, etc...
What should be covered in Year 1:
Well we're in flux but the curriculum from 2014 is notionally this: www.education.gov.uk/schools/teachingandlearning/curriculum/a00210036/sosletter - just select areas of national curriculum on right.
Campaign for Real Education have a plain English discussion of what should be covered each year of the primary curriculum here: www.cre.org.uk/primary_contents.html - just select area of curriculum. Bear in mind this is 'gold standard' stuff and may not be occurring in your school - however it's good to know what is possible in an ideal world.
What you should see on the ground as a parent (if all is going to plan):
learning to add and subtract with numbers at least up to 20
learning to count by 2s, 5s, 10s - maybe 3s (pre multiplication work)
developing independent reading skills - so progressively more able to sound out words
More able to write short sentences using simple punctuation (full stop or excamation point, maybe a comma) and simple connectives (ye olde conjunctions - and, but & or, maybe because).
Usually late in Year 1 children will start to get spelling words.
Useful resources:
Not sure where you're DC is at: if they're counting but not adding and only just starting to sound out:
Oxford Owl: www.oxfordowl.co.uk/ - also very useful for early reading/ maths skills
Jolly phonics workbooks can also really help - they're more like colouring books but help to deal with letter sounds - available amazon & most large newsagents/ bookshops.
If they're past that you may be ready for:
Woodlands Junior School: resources.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/ - especially maths & literacy zone. - Their CVC (consonant - vowel - consonant - so words like sat & cat) words zone games are very helpful: resources.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/interactive/literacy.html#3
HTH