BranchingOut here are some of the options:
- Charter Schools. These are public schools which accept children purely by lottery unless you are a "founding parent" (helped do all the work to form the school) and not by catchment area. In my neighborhood there are multiple good Charter Schools at all grade levels.
- Magnet Schools. These are public schools (usually within a regular catchment area campus) that admit children partially based on lottery and partially based on skills (some are gifted, some are art based, some are math based etc.). These schools have a racial background admittance component as they were originally introduced in the 70's as a way to integrate the school system.
- "Permit" into a catchment school that isn't in your catchment area.
i) At the elementary school level this can be done based on childcare needs (ie does the school offer before and after school childcare that your local catchment school doesn't).
ii) At all ages this can be done based on your child's grades/test performance/teacher recommendations.
- Move into the school's catchment area as everyone is absolutely entitled to a place at the school if they live within the catchment area.
- Work in the district - some school districts will give places in the district to the children of parents who work in the district.
I personally know people from all walks of life (rich, poor, illegal, legal, white, black, hispanic, smart, not so smart, educated, illiterate, etc.) who have gotten their child into a school of their choice by using one of these methods. My experience is that when parents are given the choice to choose what's best for their child, they don't all pick the same thing. Of course, some schools are over subscribed, but I have yet to meet a parent who didn't find a happy alternative if their child didn't get into their first choice of school.
In addition, most of the private schools offer very generous scholarships, so private education isn't out of reach for the poor and middle class.