Teachers how do you like Y2 children to work out number bonds -20?

[MrsHeffley]

Dd needs work on these but I've no idea how to get her to work out the more tricky ones eg 15-9. They don't seem to be allowed number lines so I'm stumped.Dd says she's allowed to use her fingers but that seems clumsy and open to errors.

TIA

The PISA is very flawed. I'm on my phone but with post the report later

www.comenius-individual-support.eu/Material-Dateien/Brussels2-20110203/PISA_Presentation_digest%202.pdf

Target population too loosely defined: unequal exclusions

• Rules allowed countries to exclude up to 5% of the target population.

Exclusions for intellectual disability depended on the professional opinion of the school principal or by other qualified staff - a completely uncontrollable source of uncertainty.

It appears that some countries defined additional criteria: Denmark, Finland,
Ireland, Poland, and Spain excluded students with dyslexia; Denmark also students with dyscalculia;
Luxembourg recently immigrated students.

• Actual student exclusion rates of OECD countries varied from 0.7% to 7.3%. Canada, Denmark, New Zealand, Spain, and the USA exceeded the 5% limit .

Nevertheless, data from these countries were fully included in all analyses.

? On the fringe of the target population: unequal inclusion of learning-disabled students

• In seven countries the cognitive test was abridged to one hour, and a special booklet with a selection of easy items was used. In all other countries, student exclusions were decided per case; but even in countries that used the special booklets, some learning-disabled students could be individually excluded.

Clearly NZ is also achieving it's high ranking by flouting the rules and excluding SEN pupils from their data too.