Tbh - your experience is why homework in primary school can be counter productive.
My Dd is Y2, and gets no homework from her regular school, bar a bit of reading. she does get homework from the Saturday language school though, so I do sympathize.
i honestly, genuinely entirely leave her to it. The language school tends to give about 5 pieces of work ( which I think is excessive, but I support it, since she doesn't get exposed so much to my native tongue during the week). There's a poem to learn, which we run through with supper, emphasizing joining in over perfect recall. Then I give her one worksheet a night as she's going upstairs to bed, and collect it from her desk in the morning. About one sheet a week needs me to 'start' it with her, but then she finishes it upstairs.
I have other dc, and a pressured job, so tbh I couldn't do more, but when I get involved it usually goes worse. she gets sulky if she can't do it - or angry if I supply the answers too quick.
What we do have fun with, though, to support her English education, is lots of projects . She likes to bake, so we'll get out all the bits and bobs, but I'll insist that she weighs and measures everything herself. I've had her sitting there with pencil and paper doubling recipe quantities etc. the benefit is that since it was her idea to start, I feel morally justified that we damn well finish. And then everyone eats cake and says how clever dd is, and happy endings.
She also likes parties. You guessed it: she wants a party, she writes the invites, she writes the shopping list, she set snout the table, she shares the smarties.
it obviously helps that we can be flexible without pressure from the school. Can you talk to your school about your DS having a homework holiday to allow him to rediscover the fun of learning?