Sigh.
No, it works like this: the council (for non-church schools) or the admissions authority (= governors) for church schools rank all applicants to every school in order of priority (for non-church schools, generally how far you live from the school, for church schools on various faith-based criteria, you'd have to read up to see what they are).
THEN...
the LEA go through their lists and for each school remove all the applicants who've been offered a place at a school they've ranked higher. They carry on doing this until they have a list in which each child is offered a place at the highest-ranked school they could get. This all happens before any allocations are sent out, so applicants and schools are not aware of it - it's basically some big number-crunchy 'puter program.
SO FOR EXAMPLE:
You live near Duncombe, which you're fairly happy with, but you much prefer Grafton, and in an ideal world fancy a punt at Yerbury. You'd accept Montem, which is virtually next door to your house, but are really not htat keen. So on your form you'd put...
- Yerbury
- Grafton
- Duncombe
- Montem
In the first round the LEA list all the applicants for each school in order, and the top 60, or 30 or whatever would notionally 'get in'. So at this stage your child is in the top 60 for, let's say, Duncombe and Montem. But you're taken off the list for Montem, cos you're already a shoo-in for Duncombe, which you placed higher on the list, which frees up a place for someone else at Montem.
But the same thing is happening higher up the list, as someone who put Grafton second and would have got in, has also moved up into the top 60 at Yerbury, which was their first choice. So the LEA do a second round or number-crunching, in which extra places at Grafton are freed up. Because of this you just squeak into the top 60 (or whatever) at Grafton.
Then the LEA crunch the nubmers again, and some other lucky person moves up the list for Duncombe because you've been taken off the list because you've become eligible for Grafton. You don't at any stage qualify for Yerbury, cos eleventy-squillion people who all live on the doorstep have put it as their first choice, and you're 198th on the list.
And so on, and so forth, until allocation day, at which point each person will be offered one place at the highest-ranked school that they are eligible for. And then after allocation day it all moves on again as some people will move out of the area, or go private, or whatever.
Geddit?
You think that's bad? Just wait till secondary transfer, mwahahaha.