What a load of horse shit.. excuse my language.
This article is worth ploughing through.. it's focused on the US but it does raise some interesting points to think about.
Your daughter should not need to learn to be resilient, she should be in a nurturing environment where ever child is respected, encouraged and cared for so that she can reach her full potential. People do not learn resilience by being bullied or belittled.
At the age of 5, girls believe that they are as good as boys at Maths. By the age of 8, they no longer believe this to be true, but nothing in their brains or innate ability has changed. From then on, it is an uphill struggle for girl who are placed on tables with boys who struggle so they can learn from teaching them while the quiet mathematical boys get to sit together and bounce off each other and work ahead. Girls get praised for helping others, told they are good at reading and not supported when they are struggling. They are socialised to stay quiet and they internalise their achievements often only answering questions when they know they are right and often not even then because they will be called a swot. They often take longer to get the answer because boys are socialised to rush to the front and laugh at themselves when they get it wrong so they take more chances and appear to be doing better. This carries on... well yes, Mary does do well in the tests, but when she is working she doesn't always get to the end of the exercises... she doesn't display the behaviours that we know result in successful exam results.... she also seems unsure of herself and I have asked her if she wants to move up to the top set but she says she finds maths a struggle so we think she is better off where she is.. often when Mary is getting high B's or low A's when Johnny who rushes ahead, finishes the exercises quickly, but rushes things so makes silly mistakes, gets middle to low B's but the teacher thinks he has potential and so does Johnny so he gets moved up.
As for sport.. dear bloody god... when will this end!!! For every hour of sport available for girls there are 4 available for boys. They would do more good teaching boys empathy, social skills, reading and meditation and teaching girls the pure joy of sport generated endorphins.
The female role model suggestion is difficult.. look around the school.. who do the school put forward as role models, is there a female head, who is invited in to speak.. look at the books at school.. are the role models girls and are these books read by the boys.
I don't agree with telling people bullies are insecure.. that's often not true.. look at Boris Johnson. The stupid arrogant bastards rise to the top and trample on the little ones.
The teacher's response is terrible. Girls should not be subjected to being objectified, diminished and undermined at every turn. The answer should not be that the girls have to learn to live with this deeply misogynistic behaviour, be quiet and just get on with being complicit in their own oppression. Get angry... make change... fight for your daughter's future.