Hi OP, just in terms of other belief systems - I'm British and my grandparents were C of E, although my parents were both atheists.
I had faith as child, and devotion, but nothing to hang it onto. I tried a local Church group as a teen but the people (not trying to be judgemental!) were on the whole quite closed-minded, quick to point out people's sins, felt that gay people would go to Hell, etc. It wasn't for me and I put my devotional self away for a long time.
Then in my 30s I found a group of spiritual people who consider that all world religions are different experiences of the 'one' - a God/Goddess creator Being who has made Themselves known to people all over the world at different times, and been interpreted differently!
I would say that I'm especially drawn to the Vedic (ancient Hindu) texts, which date from about 1500 BC and say that souls are immortal, and that humans get re-incarnated after death in order to experience multiple lives. In this way a soul can develop different qualities - a bit like going to school! If you 'fail' one lifetime, like a set of exams you get a re-sit :)
In this world-view, the reason that children get cancer/ people die in earthquakes/ wars happen, etc, is for these souls to sit some very advanced exams... Then after those awful deaths, the soul grows from its experience and is born again.
It's a very spacious way of understanding human life - nothing is really "tragic" because it 'comes out in the wash' so to say :) and then you start over again...
My daily devotional practices are meditation and singing spiritual songs. I have had VERY deep experiences in meditation, very ecstatic bliss and joy, which have felt like a glimpse of what my soul is like after death and before birth... Or at least that's how I understand them.
It may be that outside of doctrine you can find a place where your faith is less conflicted/confined? If you want to DM me I can send you some links to some guided meditations that I love, that you could try.
Wish you all the best.