Ticket to Ride www.daysofwonder.com/tickettoride/en/
A 10 year should whup you easily at that...
Carcassone www.boardgamegeek.com/game/822
This one doesn't take too long. And if he likes it, there are lots of variations.
Bucket King www.boardgamegeek.com/game/3141
Again, easy to set up and play, last about 20-30 minutes, even when you're doing really well it can all go hideously wrong and vice versa.
Hey! That's my fish!
www.boardgamegeek.com/game/8203
Light, silly, cut-throat.
Colosseum.
www.gameslore.co.uk/acatalog/index.html
We've just got this one and I love it - it is rather more complex than the others I've listed.
Sorry, I've gone on a bit