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Female sexuality

431 replies

Monkeytrousers · 19/11/2007 20:18

hello and welcome

OP posts:
bossykate · 28/11/2007 13:25

oh thank goodness someone has said it - ev psych is bolleaux!

Monkeytrousers · 28/11/2007 14:44

Well fair enought Elizabetth, you cannot be convinced to look at this with an open mind. I am a sexist and wish to reinforce male dominence in our society.

As for the feminists I have read - I trust you don;t actually mean feminists who are at least looking into what EP can do for us, so I'll miss them off. Also, I won't go downstairs and make a comprehensve list, just list them off the top of my head, so the list isn't exhaustive. I have a lot of respect for thse women by the way, it is the aspect of the one argument of cultural determinsim that I challenge only. Femiism is a progressive movement. I am only trying to facilitate that.

Virginia Woolf
Mary Wollstonecraft
George Sand
John Stuart Mill
Elizabeth Blackwell
Antionette Brown
Charlotte Perkins Gilmore
Simone de Beauvior
Engels
Susan bnrownmiller
Andrea Dworkin
Susan Faludi
Donna haraway
bell hooks
cath Macinnon
Kate Millet
Naomi Wolf
Lynne Segal
Gloria Steinman
Marylin French
Betty Friedman
Germaine Greer
Imelda Whelehan
Natash Walter
Joanne Hollows
Camile Paglia
Ariel Levi
Madeline Bunting
Zoe Williams
Ayaan Hirsi Ali
Steven Pinker
Richard Dawkins
Randy Thornhill
Craig Palmer
Jared Diamond
Geoff Miller
Helena Cronin
Lynn Saxon
Griet Vandermassen

OP posts:
Monkeytrousers · 28/11/2007 14:45

Sorry, I included a few darwinian feminists onthe end anyway

OP posts:
Monkeytrousers · 28/11/2007 14:45

and Carl Sagan of course.

OP posts:
Monkeytrousers · 28/11/2007 15:00

Sarah Blaffer Hrdy
jane Goodal
Leda Cosmedies
Marlne Zuc
Anne campbell

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etin · 28/11/2007 17:16

Funnily enough, I was going to do a link to the Cosmides and Tooby EP primer that TellusMater provided - I was having a look at my printout of it earlier.

I'm thinking that a distinction needs to be made between evolutionary biology and evolutionary psychology.
Presumably anyone who believes in evolution and learns something of the details of natural and sexual selection has to include something of this in their understanding of humans today.

The criticisms of EP are on the one hand that adaptations are seen everywhere when some things may not be eg Gould and his by-product or 'spandrels' argument ie that adaptations accidently lead to other traits that were not themselves selected for.
Another is aimed more specifically at the theories of eg Cosmides and Tooby that the mind has evolved to have specific adaptations to deal with specific aspects of life humans faced during the greatest period of our evolution.

I think it is possible to consider the influence of evolution on us today without having to go the whole hog of EP.
But what cannot be sustained is an argument that humans have no connection to our evolution nor that our reproductive biology is insignificant.

Personally, I think looking at us as 'stone-age minds' in modern environments is helpful. It is not about saying what we should be like - not unless we want to live in the stone-age again - but about raising our evolutionary consciousness to recognize that there is much of what we do today that is maladaptive in today's environment.

...........

policywonk, your question about my relationship. One thing I'm definitely not is a 'traditional' female. I'm the maths/science one and have never been much intereted in fashion, hair, shopping etc etc and housework rarely gets done etc. Motherhood has been far from 'natural' for me in many ways.

It is difficult to discuss specifics without putting them in context which would be a very long job. Generally, it's about understanding the asymmetry between the sexes and being able to assert female difference - formerly denied or viewed as inferior by both sexes - as being equal to the male. It also means asserting the 'nature' of women as being far from that of passive dependents on men and that motherhood is a very active, strategic, complex behaviour in itself that has had enormous influence on human evolution.

Robert Wight says somewhere that EP would have predicted the rise of feminism in the fifties because the suburban housewife is absolutely not what women are. Women in evolution are always important providers and members of the community.

But it's sex and sexuality that it so often comes down to.
In my wider family there has been one murdered wife (due to adultery) and another whose husband's needless sexual jealousy led to three attempts at murder. I have friends who have been raped. A former pupil of my school was a victim of Fred West. I've experienced numerous minor assaults etc.
Understanding sexual difference and the consequences of one sex doing the bulk of reproduction for both sexes is, for me, essential in becoming fully conscious of our behaviours and psychologies.

TellusMater · 28/11/2007 17:26

I think you're right to highlight that distinction between evolutionary biology and evolutionary psychology etin. Lots of references on here to 'evolutionary science' and 'evolutionary biologists and psychologists' which implies rather more concensus than I think is the case.

I haven't studied sexuality at all, but have a background in Biochemistry and am doing a psychology degree at the moment, and have been watching with interest...

etin · 28/11/2007 17:35

I will also add that feminism has made great changes during my adult life ie the last thirty years. Elizabetth is right to to say that women have made great changes without any knowledge of evolution. I sometimes think back to how things were 20-30 years ago and feel so proud of what women have achieved.

But things like 'man the hunter' theory and others that came from male-dominated science had to be countered by women in science such as women working in evolutionary science since the 70s and making changes eg 'woman the forager', women as toolmakers, hunters sometimes too, certainly major providers and equally important to males in eg the evolution of intelligence. This work by women in science fed into and supported what feminists were doing politically.

etin · 28/11/2007 17:41

Interesting TellusMater. I hope you'll be able to add more too.

Monkeytrousers · 28/11/2007 17:49

There is consensus in the examples I posted above. Take the discovery of stepchild abuse at 40 times the rate of non-stepchild abuse by Daly and Wilson. Their discovery of this is in no way an acceptance or excuse for such behaviour. No one would ever think that. But knowing the risks helps society to be aware and minimise those risks.

The same is in the knowledge that men rape, and rape more when they think they can get away with it. Stating that fact is in no way condoning it.

Elizabetth calls Thornhill and Palmer?s book ?ridiculous? yet she has not read it ? she, nor read Griet?s book, nor Blaffer Hrdy?s books; she has not looked at the evidence with her own eyes, yet condemns out of hand. I wish you would at least read Griet?s book Elizabetth. I hope you do but I somehow doubt it.

Thornhill and Palmer do not want a complete rethink about the provision of rape services to victims ? I have no idea where you get that from. They do hope for a rethink about prosecution policy ? don?t you? With the woeful number of prosecutions it brings now? I certainly do. I think it is a moral imperative to have such a rethink!

You again misunderstand science ? it must be contradicted and attempts must be made to falsify it if it is to even be called science.

There is no take over here, just a consolidation of information to improve services for women. Are you saying feminism does not need improving, cannot be better?

All we have done on this thread is talk about the way male power operates, and about strategies to counter that. Yes behaviour is a choice, no one, evolutionary psychologists would wholeheartedly agree. There is no ?natural? excuse for immorality, if morality ? being good to your fellow humans ? is the goal. And it is here. What biology and psychology tells us though is that some people will try to exploit others, why they may try to do this, what cultural mores encourage that, and which one?s to challenge to lessen that.

OP posts:
onebatmother · 28/11/2007 21:48

Okay, so following Miss Wonk?s stinging rebuke (which I know was more in disappointment than in anger), I have skim-reviewed the thread. It's taken Some Time.

My difficulty is that I don?t have a background in any of the relevant areas, so get distracted and confused by the various shiny little jewels of arguments that fly back and forth, glinting in the light. I am like a particularly advanced bonobo, in so many respects.

I am about to post on some of the glittery stuff that I?ve been distracted by.

But, having got (near-enough, site down) up to date, my biggest question is this adaption of a famous phrase or saying:

What Do EP Feminists Want?

Bottom line is, I think I know why social constructionist feminists view rape the way they do. Beyond a sense of injustice and a desire to explain the system which contains it, there?s personal anger often.. and a desire to proselytize the ideological nature of much ?common sense? thinking. Amongst other things.

But why do EP?s view rape the way they do?

You are all very clever, and you often say, calm down! we want to help women, just like you SC fems do!

It?s not that we?re ideologically motivated ? it?s simply that, if we can better explain rape, we can improve the lot of women.

But how? How do you envisage this position improving our lot?

Thus far I don?t think I?ve seen many strategies, beyond a skirting-around-the-idea of women ?putting themselves into situations that are open to interpretation.?

Which sounds to me like exactly the reactionary ideology of which you have always been accused.

So. What do EPF?s want, and how will EP bring that about?

Apols for general dunderheadedness btw. But sometimes it's good for a dunderhead to be introduced (for a short time) into a debate in an emperor's new clothes stylee.

onebatmother · 28/11/2007 22:37

are you all speechless at my smartitude?
OK, i'm out and I'm proud! Scratch a dunderhead and you get .. some more of the same!

Sparkly bits that distracted me Part ONe.

Etin: "Robert Wright makes the point that EP supports Dworkin and Mckinnon's argument that the experience [of sexual harrassment] is different for the two sexes and its EP that explains why."

But didn?t Dworkin mean that the customary victim and customary victimiser have necessarily very different perspectives because of customary power imbalance? So EP doesn?t precisely support her.

Etin (i think) "RE. consent - for many women around the world, they consent to sex simply by marrying. Therefore there is consent often because there is not choice. So is this rape?
Is it just at one end of the spectrum of lack of human female mate/mating choice?"

Wha?? Yes its? rape. May be institutionalized but still rape. Round my spectrum, anyways.

Etin again "And is the exchange of sex for other resources inherently wrong?"
It?s a valid question, but my answer must be yes. Do you remember Madamez? porn position? My answer was then, as it is now, that this is rarely an exchange in any meaningful sense.

MonkeyTrousers:"What conclusions are approaching with regard to patriarchy? From what I have read, I suspect that it does not exist to oppress women, as traditional feminism thinks, but to oppress other men (i.e rivals) in the clamour to attract the prize; women and hence offspring."

Or both, conveniently wrapped up in the same patriarchal ackage, and impossible to disentangle except in hypothesis?

From Nature (can't remember names of reviewers now sorry): "Thornhill and Palmer cloak themselves in the authority of science, implying that the controversy over their ideas is purely political, and that the underlying biology is unimpeachable. This is a serious misrepresentation."
I remember this very vividly, it drove me insane. They sneered, it was repulsive.

Again from Nature:"If every human behaviour can be seen as a by-product of evolution, then the by-product idea is useless, for a theory that explains everything is merely a truism."
Precisely.

Jerry Coyne (thru Etin)
"Given that in most reported cases rapists are sexually aroused, often reach orgasm, and sometimes admit to erotic motives, it is hard to disagree with T&P's claim that rape is at least partly a sexual act.[...]But T&P note that 'academic feminists and sociologists' have consistently denied any sexual motivation for rape, insisting instead that 'rape is not about sex, but about violence and power'.

I think very few feminists would deny that rapists are sexually aroused, do orgasm and sometimes (always?) ?admit? to erotic motives (of course they do, that's their get-out-of-jail card!)
But that doesn?t mean that the underlying impulse is not one of control.

Coyne again "It is true that in recent decades the discussion of rape has been dominated by such notions, though one must remember that they originated not as scienctific propositions but as political slogans deemed necessary to reverse popular misconceptions about rape."

?slogans? v dodgy and reactionary imo. We?re all so damn .. angry ..all the time, aren?t we?

Coyne again: "Feminists are undoubtedly right to claim that culture reinforces sexual stereotypes, but hthere can be no adequate explanation of patriarchy that completely ignores evolution."

Do you think Social constructionist explanations of patriarchy have left huge holes? I haven?t noticed that, I don?t think.

Eliz on sex/violence false dichotomy: "Yup, a violent act using sex organs as its weapons."

And can I add, the violent act of a system which has ensured that female chastity is intrinsic to female social currency (bcs inheritance etc). That, surely, is why patriarchy controls women through sexual violence, and not simply through violence.

Etin: Why do men want to dominate women? It's not as if it gets them anything, is it? So why?

I think there must be more to this and I?ve missed it ? you?re not seriously sugg. that men don?t gain from female subservience?

MT: "To my mind the ?violence? argument is dangerous, because often women are threatened, not actually beaten, and this is seen, with the violence argument, as being a mitigating factor against the victim. If she is not seen to have fought to within an inch of her life, a suspicion remains that it was not rape."

Oh MT ? this means that the justice system is wrong, nothing more nothing less.

Etin: "I believe there are differences between the sexes that have come about due to evolution.
As I mentioned somewhere above in my theory of the origins of patriarchy, our species-specific evolutionary history gave the human male a upperhand over the female"

Also gave us opposable thumbs but we don?t use that as an argument for much now, do we? Males got the upper hand over females. That?s all we can say, isn?t it? Could be evolution, could be an embryonic politics, could be environmental.

MT: "The research has been done though, and woemn with out mind set, our concerns about rape - some of them victims of rape themselves - female oppression and patriachy have taken the path of skeptical inquiry with regards to not feminism itself, but recieved feminist dogma, to see, and hope that it can progress, as it is a progressive moevment at heart.

'some of our best freinds have been raped/?received feminist dogma?/'progressive movement' (at heart) = vocab of a reactionary politics?

Elizabetth · 28/11/2007 22:56

MonkeyTrousers, I asked you which feminists you took issue with on their theories of rape.

You've included Camille Paglia and Richard Dawkins on that list for goodness sake, stretching the the meaning of the term feminist to almost meaninglessness.

Thornhill and Palmer created strawfeminist arguments in order that they could knock them down. If you are going to offer a critique of feminism you have to be more specific.

Elizabetth · 28/11/2007 23:01

"What biology and psychology tells us though is that some people will try to exploit others, why they may try to do this, what cultural mores encourage that, and which one?s to challenge to lessen that."

You mean we didn't know that before Evo-psych came along? Well thank god for Richard Dawkins.

MonkeyTrousers you are making these massive claims for EP as if other political movements hadn't been fighting these battles for much longer and more effectively than EP ever will.

As far as I can see the reason why you are trying to elbow your way into feminism is because science and scientists aren't that impressed with your field, so you (that's a general you) have to find some other sphere to have an influence in. As people always like to exploit women's work, feminism is an obvious target.

Elizabetth · 28/11/2007 23:06

"You again misunderstand science ? it must be contradicted and attempts must be made to falsify it if it is to even be called science."

Nope, I've heard of Karl Popper.

The problem with that argument is that you could equally call feminism a science as it is most definitely contradicted and attempts are made to falsify it.

I could say that purple elephants live in yellow trees outside my house and someone could contradict that and falsify it. It wouldn't mean that it was a scientific claim to begin with. You're working on a logical fallacy there.

etin · 28/11/2007 23:22

How about, learning in sex education lessons and through articles in, say, men's mags, the biology of female sexuality?
As well as learning that males (especially younger males) tend to experience almost any interaction with an attractive female as a potential sexual encounter but for women, being friendly is not a sexual invitation, they could also learn that female arousal does not follow the same, straightforward mechanism as male arousal.
Female arousal is more a result of what is going on in the brain, of unconscious and even conscious evaluation of the male as a suitable mate which can mean that even female sexual interest is always more of a maybe than a yes.
This is in no small part due to females only being fertile a few days a month yet always 'looking' fertile to men. Other species have females that show clear signals of fertility such as swollen pink behinds which turns on male sexual interest and also means the females are hormonally interested too. Males of other species are only normally wanting sex with fertile females, some only even produce sperm when females are fertile.

In humans we lost this obvious signalling of fertility not by women never looking fertile but by women always looking fertile even when not - and therefore not hormonally aroused yet still looking as if they are. This served purposes for the females in confusing paternity or in pair-bonding and stopping a mate simply going off looking for females with swollen behinds. It also meant that for females to have sex outside of the peri-ovulatory period meant a greater input for the brain than the hormones. This brain-induced arousal is more dependent on circumstances and therefore more of a 'maybe' than a definite interest in sex. A women may even go back to a man's flat thinking about sex but then something happens to turn her off. This probably does not happen with men who are working more on hormones.

Now, if these differences proved to be so, there could also be an argument from men that this is unfair on them when a woman 'changes her mind'. So then if we include the reasons women are traumatized by sex they have not, or have lost, the desire for, whereas men don't have sex if they lose the desire and would not be so traumatized anyway because for males even bad sex is good, we can get the truth of this through to men by explaining that the sex that receives the DNA has strong psychological mechanisms to bar unwanted sperm, which has not been changed merely by contraception. This may well not stop men from reacting badly to rejection but it may lead to a much greater appreciation of why female sexuality is different to male and why whatever a man feels about being 'led on' and rejected is nothing to what the female feels when not allowed to change from a maybe to a no.

Perhaps we could also think about evidence that though men may not be aroused by descrptions of rape when the descriptions are read by men, they are aroused when the very same descriptions are read by women. We need to look at the implications of this (should it be proved by more research) in the responses of male police, jurors, judges etc listening to a woman describing her rape.
And there is feminist research about why women acquit rapists, such as having to believe that the women had brought it on herself because of her dress or behaviour and therefore it is possible for women to avoid rape if they want to.

Of course I'm not talking about stranger rapes and violent rapes but the everyday rapes that hardly ever lead to convictions even if they get to court.
And I'm not saying that the above is the answer only suggestions that that need to be thought about. What I find is that though people think rape is shocking they rarely think rape has actually happened because the sexual biology and psychology is presumed to be like the males and if he doesn't reject sex she must have some ulterior motive for bringing the accusation. Many men think that if they were women there'd be nothing to stop them having sex 24/7. It may not be that easy to understand what's stopping women.

Whether anyone thinks any of this is relevant or not I can't see why discussion of it needs to be suppressed or lambasted. It's not about replacing other actions, just including its contribution.

etin · 28/11/2007 23:26

And I still need to know why men want power/control over women?

madamez · 28/11/2007 23:29

Ok, have been offline for most of last week and just done my best to plough through the thread. And I have a big question here: how are you (all) defining rape in the first place? As in, in some countries (including the UK up until 1990 or so) a married woman could not be raped by her husband, at least in legal terms. So there would be acts of sexual intercourse which the woman didn;t want and indeed had actively said No to, but which were legally Not Rape. I'm getting the impression that the rape data being discussed is only about stranger rape rather than what is said to be far more common, rape by acquaintances/partners etc.

Also, I would have very grave doubts about a theory that rape is somehow natural or something that men can;t help doing. Men are no more than women entirely at the mercy of their hormones, and large numbers of men would not rape under any circumstances because to do so would violate their own ethics, self-image, etc.

Monkeytrousers · 28/11/2007 23:39

oh, god it's so late - I have one word for you Eliz, which sums up what is happening here for me - or what I truely wish were happening; dialectic. Not at any point have I ever said EP is better, truer - it is anoter perspective that adds to our understadning of life - human life. I am interested in teh insughts is has to offer, I am skeptical about others, just as I am interested in the insights feminism camn offer but am skeptocal about others there too.

Please provide the evidence of Richard Dawkins not being a feminist, or even for tyhat fact, evodence that TJornhill and Palmer are not feminists, based on their own words, and not someones interpritation of them.

As for Karl Popper, I so wish you would just buy Griet's book - she deals with this too. But otherwise, there is another paper called 'Use and abuse of Karl Popper' - if you give me your email or CAT me I will send it to you.

What to Darwinian feminists want Batty? I can only spak for myself; dialogue. A focus on the future not the past. That is all.

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etin · 28/11/2007 23:43

Sorry to bring up chimpanzees again, but according to Jane Goodall, when a male chimpanzee is maturing into adulthood he starts to work his way up the hierarchy, first through the females asserting his dominance, then through the males as far as he can go. Now, it's not so he gets his washing done. But if he makes it to the top he certainly will father nearly all offspring until he is toppled.

If a male of a species doesn't know when the female he is mating with is fertile yet he's going to put a lot of time and energy into providing for the offspring she has, he's going to be highly interested in her sexual behaviour. Controlling her mobility and contact with other males is going to matter to the male.

Elizabetth · 29/11/2007 00:14

Please provide evidence they are feminists, MonkeyTrousers. In what way have they worked to end male oppression of women? A person can sit in a garage and call themselves a car, it doesn't mean they are one.

As for this idea that you want a dialogue, as far as I can see the arguments can be boiled down to "we're the scientists, you don't know what you are talking about (even though we're not fully aware of what you do say as we haven't read your arguments), you need to listen to us" For example:

"I think feminism has simply been raging about it for so long now it will feel like a humilation to change the rhetoric or see how much things have changed (ironically helped very much by feminism enabling women to enter the sciences). But the longe it digs it's heels in the longer it risks becoming irrelevent."

"Those type of criticisms just don?t hold sway anymore, and feminism needs to stop mouthing them, putting those words into the mouths of very intelligent women as it disempowers women, feminists and feminism in fact. "

"evolutionary science has been edified by the women in it, women with feminist consciousnesses, but also with the capacity to look beyond ideology if that seems to be hindering female progression rather than helping it"

"Evolutionary theory then provides ultimate explanations for these phenomena."

"I think it is very dangerous and, even more, unconscionable for feminism to take the irrational stand it does with evolutionary theory. To close your eyes to the truth is to turn your back on millions of women who need the help of a biologically and psychologically robust and intellectually sound feminism."

"feminist dogma on rape"

"unfortunatlry shows how unprogressive traditional feminism has become. "

Vandermassen:

"An evolutionary framework can help us sort out
which proximate feminist accounts are more probable than others." (in other words the scientists will take the final view on what feminists are right about.)

"Evolutionary biology, and sexual selection theory in particular, thus turns out to provide a scientific framework which will help us to assess the
ultimate, i.e. evolutionary, roots of gender difference." (Lucky we've got the EPs to tell us the ultimate truth, the last time someone promised us that, it was the Church)

"feminism is in need of a unifying scientific theory of human nature" (in other words our political arguments that women should be free of male oppression just aren't strong enough (well if you don't have much respect for women I suppose they won't be)

Are you actually aware of your political agenda, MT? Interestingly enough reading round this, I read an article which noted back in 2000 that EP's were trying to make inroads into feminism. And it wasn't even written by a feminist!

I'll ask you again MT, which particular feminists do you take issue with about their theories of rape?

etin · 29/11/2007 08:38

"Evolutionary biology, and sexual selection theory in particular, thus turns out to provide a scientific framework which will help us to assess the
ultimate, i.e. evolutionary, roots of gender difference." (Lucky we've got the EPs to tell us the ultimate truth, the last time someone promised us that, it was the Church)"

Just brieftly here - the word 'ultimate' does come across as having some 'final truth' meaning that that's not quite what is meant in EP. Another term that might be used is 'distal'. The distal explanation and the proximate. Does that remove some of the religious fervour that may be falsely coming across to some here?

The proximate reason a woman tries to avoid sex with a date is that she doesn't feel turned on. The distal reason is that making a mistake about which sperm fertilizes her eggs would have been extremely costly.

The proximate reason a male wants to have sex with his date is because it feels could, the distal reason that it can cost him nothing and may increase the number of offspring he has and such opportunities may be limited.

etin · 29/11/2007 08:42

"The proximate reason a male wants to have sex with his date is because it feels could,"
That should have read 'feels good' - brain not fully functioning yet.

onebatmother · 29/11/2007 09:58

How about, learning in sex education lessons and through articles in, say, men's mags, the biology of female sexuality?
As well as learning that males (especially younger males) tend to experience almost any interaction with an attractive female as a potential sexual encounter but for women, being friendly is not a sexual invitation, they could also learn that female arousal does not follow the same, straightforward mechanism as male arousal.
etc

But Etin, I genuinely don't see how this qualitatively adds to 'No Means No'as a method of preventing sexual violence?

Monkeytrousers · 29/11/2007 10:07

The evdence is in their books Eizabetth. It would be an infringement of copyright to cut and paste a books worth of material here. Can I suggest you go and read them?

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