There are a few different possibilities here. Although the fact that it's something to connected to an event eleven years ago makes me wonder if there was an outstanding mortgage when your father passed away.
There are different time limits within which different types of debts can be claimed. The longest (I think) is for mortgages. The limitation period for the capital owed on a mortgage is twelve years. So the fact that this is related to the deceased passing away eleven years ago does make me wonder if this is related to a mortgage.
"The deceased left debts."
Your DH (I take it he was an executor?) may not recall, but did he place a "Deceased Estates Notice" in the newspapers (usually The Gazette and also a local newspaper)?
This gives the name and address of the deceased and also of the executor or administrator. Once this notice has been published then any creditors have two months to make a claim against the estate in England or Wales (6 months in Scotland).
After this time, the executor (or administrator if there is no will) can distribute the estate and creditors can no longer make a claim.
However, if the executor didn't do that, and there was a debt that they were unaware of, then that may cause problems if the estate did have any assets that were distributed to the beneficiaries.
So, there are a number of different possibilities:
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The executor placed a Deceased Estate's Notice at least two months prior to you getting this letter. In that case, there is no problem.
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If the above did not happen, but there was in any event no estate to distribute to beneficiaries as his debts were greater than his assets. There may be a problem here if this is related to a mortgage and the executor paid out any money from the estate to pay off unsecured loans instead of secured loans. If this is the case then please speak to a solicitor.
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If the estate did have assets after paying off whatever debts the executor was aware of (and were distributed to any beneficiaries) and if the unknown debt relates to a mortgage or other secured loan then this very definitely could be a problem. Please speak to a solicitor.
You need to understand exactly what is written in that letter and exactly what your DH's position as executor is likely to be.