prh47 The last Upholder was decommissioned by the UK in October 1994, so that is less than 24 years. My brother (a submariner) was attached to the Upholders til 1996 having also served on SSBNs. My husband is also a submariner, and whilst the main propulsion system may be different on an SSK/SSN/SSBN, I must point out that the nuclear powered boats have batteries as back ups if the reactor goes down, and thus submariners (who have to know all the systems on a boat inside and out to pass their Part III and get their Dolphins) will have been trained to deal with them.
You also need to take into account the age of the ARA San Juan. She was an old boat. Indeed, one of the UKs SSNs, HMS Torbay, was commissioned 2 years after the San Juan, and decommissioned earlier this year. If you are going to muck about with the integrity of a submarines hull by cutting it in half and welding it back together, then sending it out to the S Atlantic (not known for calm weather), you expect trouble. The standard of work in a dockyard needs to be closely supervised at all times, especially when working on submarines. There isn't anyone riding to the rescue when something has gone wrong and you are at crush depth.
Water should not have been able to get into the snorkel, that's the whole point!
This kind of accident is what all those who work/have worked and have family members in submarines dreads. It is why the standard of maintenance needs to be sky high, so that all valves work (and don't allow water in). Given dh got his Dolphins in 1986, I trust his take on this one, especially as he is an engineer, (and a Chartered one at that). Submariners can read between the lines on this one, given their extensive professional experience in actually working on and maintaining these boats. After their lives depend on their knowing their stuff.