Haven't read all of this (you lot are v prolific) 
So apologies if this repeats other comments but someone mentioned this as being like apprenticeships.
I am convinced that apprenticeships are not going to be of any help here. I used to work for a company that gives apprenticeships, let me explain how they work:
- if someone who is unemployed and between 16 and 18 takes an apprenticeship course, the course provider gets £16k per learner. Where I worked for that they got 20 weeks training. Yes they get exams but frankly some of the subjects studied are already completely overstaffed and don't need yet another gormless teenage geek.
- 19-24 year olds get less (think it's £8k) for the same training.
- There is no funding for the over 25s (it's a bit like x factor no?
)
Volunteer work doesn't really work either. We do need to address long term vocational unemployment (ie those who just don't want to work) which for the avoidance of doubt is a tiny subset of those claiming benefits.
I think actually we'd do better to reintroduce excepted professions. It used to be the case that there was a legal requirement for some job roles to be set aside for people who are disabled - car park attendants. Hence in Coventry, for a very long time, there were a hell of a lot of one armed car park attendants. Well why can't we do that for non-disabled but hard to employ people.
For example, school dinner ladies/lunch attendants (whatever the hell they are called these days). If this was made an excepted role for 'parents with childcare responsibilities who are in receipt of benefits' then mothers who wanted to work part time could do so - I'm not saying this helps the benefits bill - and I am not making any value judgement on the role whatsoever (other than it's definitely part time during school hours), and it would give them an opportunity to have the dignity of work, while also keeping their benefits so they could afford to live on a part time wage.
And in terms of 'where are all these jobs going to come from' - how is that any different from the nanny state - why is it everyone else's responsibility?
My experience is that the difference between those who find work when unemployed and those that don't is the former group works bloody hard to change their circumstances. If you are desperate to work, and willing to consider anything, there are jobs out there. I can't go back to my old job now so I'm in the same situation and you have to change your perspective. You probably won't do the same thing for the whole of your life and your income will also fluctuate. We've had this idea that you leave school and earn very little and then go upwards from there for many years but I think things will move both ways throughout life for most of us in the future.