yy to Spirits of Salts (kilrock sell it, but other brands also).
Limescale is mainly calcium carbonate, so bleach won't do anything for it because it's alkaline too.
The things that will get rid of limescale are varying types of acid, hence the suggestions of citric acid, vinegar, coca cola etc etc. All of which will work to some extent - basically the thicker the limescale the stronger the acid you need to get rid of it.
Spirits of salts is hydrochloric acid, so it will burn through anything chalky, while not damaging the glaze of the toilet. It is a strong acid though, so read the warnings on the labels and take them seriously - rubber gloves, possibly goggles, open the windows. Make sure there are no children around, obv. Pour the stuff down the loo and leave for an hour or two (put the seat and lid down to keep the fumes in). Then flush the loo and it should be all sparkly and clean when you lift the lid again.
We were taught this by the plumber when we moved into a house that had been empty and quasi-derelict. The loo was somewhere beyond revolting, but he emptied out the standing water with a sponge, poured down the whole bottle of spirits of salts, and an hour later it was clean.