It's an interesting comparison, school versus work. There are some similarities.
There is also one big difference. Adults typically have much more autonomy at work than kids do at school. If they hate going to work every day, if they always get anxious Sunday night and only really relax when on holiday, they can look at what aspects of their job affect them in that way and see whether they can make changes. Ultimately, they could look at changing job or even changing career. This is exactly what I did when I became ever more stressed about my job. I thought I would like it. I was good at it. But it just didn't suit me. So I trained for a different line of work, and that transformed my life. In my new job, not only did I not fret on Sunday nights about the week ahead, but I sometimes chose to stay late at work simply because I had got stuck into a fun challenge.
Your technique of talking yourself through a difficult work day is a very useful one, and can be handy for kids who need to get through something they dislike, but which is worth it to them. If you want to learn to be a professional stunt double, you will sometimes get hurt, and you can cope with that. But what if every work day was a difficult one? What if you didn't want to work as a stunt double at all but someone was making you do it against your will? Those are times to look at other solutions.
Another comparison I think is worth making is with relationships. When a romantic relationship or a friendship is good overall, we need to stick with it through the rough patches. It can be hard work, and it won't always be fun. But when there is more pain than joy, it's time to walk away. Knowing when to leave is also an essential life skill. We can't learn that through being forced to stay.