@fruitfly3 I'm a bit late to this thread because I was on holiday in Amsterdam when you started it! A few things we saw/did that you mentioned and might help.
Boat tour - we did a canal tour with Flagship tours. It was an open boat which would probably seat around 20ish - although there were only 9 of us on that particular tour. The smaller boats like this can get through the smaller bridges and therefore canals that the large boats can't fit into. We booked online and paid about €18-19 each (€25 on the boat). It was cheaper because we booked online and because it was one of the earlier tours (10.30am). We booked it the night before so we could check the weather. There was a load of umbrellas, but we didn't need them!
Bikes - we didn't hire bikes but when you are crossing roads you really need to keep your wits about you with the cycle lanes. Sometimes they aren't included in the crossings, so you see a green man to cross and then realise that you also have to look to cross the cycle lane first.
Pancakes - little ones from Pat's Proffertjes as PP mentioned. The one nearest the station at Nieuwendijk had more seating than the other branch.
Foodhallen - I guess you'll have noticed that it's a bit further out of the centre. We were staying right near the museums and it was definitely walkable for us but feeling a bit more lazy on the way home and we got a tram. I would say it was quite busy. We went twice, both times it wasn't that easy to find a table for the four of us but it was easier midweek a little earlier than when we went later on Friday night. The other thing I would say is that it's quite busy/noisy - they have a small area upstairs which was much quieter/calmer. Loved it though - great food.
Museums - we went to Van Gogh museum and Rijksmuseum. The Rijksmuseum has an app that you can download which has audio tours. Van Gogh museum you can hire an audio guide. Pretty sure they both had good options for children. You do need to book them in advance though - I think we booked the day before though, so not too far in advance.
As a couple of PPs have already mentioned, a trip to Zaanse Schans was great for us. We got there early (ish) - 9.15am train - takes about 15 mins and then 15 mins walk when you get off the train to get to the Windmills. We didn't pay for the museum etc, just wandered around for a few hours. We all really enjoyed it. Clog making, cheese shop, hot chocolate etc. Train was about €7.50 ish return.
De Bijenkorf - This was a good stop for lunch one day. They have lots of different counters with different options, Italian, Grill, Salad, Wok etc Lovely pastries.
Other things we did -
Pantopia - lovely, but expensive patisserie - was a birthday treat - very nice
Fabel Friet - lovely fries - very popular on tiktok
Van Stapele cookies - had to queue but very nice - also found on Tiktok
Stroopwafels (Mellys) - large ones, still warm - MMMmmmmmmm
Also look out for Albert Heijn - which is chain of supermarkets - great for grabbing some snacks/water etc - similar colour branding to Coop - they are all over the place - very handy.
Have a great time!