I wouldn't go to Puerto Pollensa or Puerto Soller if you want cheap and cheerful, both are quite expensive for eating out.
I agree that the weather can be unpredictable at that time of year. There is a fairly reliable period of stormy/less than lovely weather that goes through the Med somewhere between late September and early October each year so it's hit and miss whether you get it. We went to Cala D'Or in early October a couple of years ago and I think it was hot and sunny all week except a cloudy day and one early evening storm.
Despite the longer flight, it's often similar price and much more reliable weather to go to the Canaries, where it's significantly cheaper to eat out.
Somewhere like Playa Blanca in Lanzarote would suit you perfectly. Or Malta and/or Gozo. Not quite as picturesque as the nice parts of Mallorca, but more likely to be good weather, good value for eating out, interesting historical sites, good for boat trips, Gozo and Comino attractive and plenty to do.
Or if you're set on Mallorca, I'd look at Cala D'Or, Palma city or Paguera, which is a lovely small resort just further round the coast from Santa Ponsa. 3 lovely beaches, pedestrianised in the main town, lots of restaurants with Spanish food, but also German, as about 90% of the tourists who go there are German.