NHS doctor apprenticeship?
These don't really exist yet. There is a small pilot running at one hospital trust with one partner university in 2024-25 but it's not at all clear yet what might be available the following year. And the academic entry requirements are still high.
Just to address a few other points people have made...
There are (I think) 18 medical schools that don't require A-Level chemistry. Many that require two sciences do include psychology (see, for example, the listings for Lancaster and Leicester on the Medical Schools Council entry requirements page). There are far more than just these two: I just happened to have those two open. Biology + psychology + history isn't a particularly unusual combination for medicine applicants.
A small number of medical schools (six last time I counted) don't take any notice of predicted A-Level grades but for most of the others predictions of AAB are likely to be a problem.
GCSE grades are used in a very wide variety of ways. The number of medical schools that don't score GCSEs and don't require chemistry and don't use predicted grades and accept mid-ranking UCAT scores will be very low, although I don't think it's quite zero. A 5 in GCSE maths will automatically exclude him from some, too.
Re graduate-entry: this has become slightly less competitive recently with Chester and Three Counties (Worcester) being allocated home student numbers, and will ease a little bit more as Pears (Cumbria), Portsmouth and Surrey come on-stream. The government's desire for 4-year medicine degrees might lead to an expansion of graduate-entry programmes, but this is still very much up in the air. I've certainly noticed a drop in the number of graduates accepting offers for our standard-entry course, which might mean more are getting offers for graduate entry elsewhere.
I don't think European medical schools do all require A-Level chemistry. However, they mostly have entrance exams that include chemistry (and physics).
The really big worry here is the emphasis on what the parents want. That is absolutely the worst possible reason for studying medicine. And applying with little or no chance of success risks causing a fair amount of psychological trauma. It is difficult if the whole family works in medicine for them to understand what other options there are, so the son really needs to talk to a careers adviser and do some research for himself. If you, as the mother's friend, are able to get her to realise that she's not putting her son's interests first, you might be doing him a big favour. Then again, if he doesn't apply or doesn't get in, she might spend the rest of his life reminding him of the fact.