The more pertinent points of student maintenance loans (for students from England) are that in recent years the value has not kept pace with inflation with the max maintenance loan for outside London now being over £1500 less than it should be. The IFS and others have a number of publications on this over the past couple of years.
The threshold for the maximum maintenance loan is the same as it was back in 2008. Using the BoE Inflation Calculator in real terms the household income threshold should likely be nearer £38,000 today.
The threshold above which the minimum maintenance loan is around £62k, marginally higher than the £60k in 2008. If adjusted for inflation that household income threshold above which only the minimum maintenance loan is available would be nearer to £94,000 today.
The House of Commons Library published 2nd Feb this year a briefing paper on student support. https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/sn00916/
The key trends in the real value of the maximum maintenance support package over time
- A gradual real reduction during the 1960s
- A partial reverse in this cut in the late 1970s before some relatively small real cuts in the early 1980s
- The introduction of loans in 1990/91 which initially increased the value of the overall support package and gradually replaced grants over time.
- The total value of support increased gradually each year during the 1990s and up to 2003/04.
- The reintroduction of grants in 2004/05 and their extension in 2006/07 both resulted in jumps in the maximum value of support
- The 2012 reforms increased the size of the support package for new students. Subsequent freezes or below inflation increases in grant and/or loan rates meant real values fell in the following few years.
- Loans replace grants for new students from 2016/17. Increases in the maximum loan amounts in the same year took the value to what was then its highest level in real terms.
- Maximum loan amounts increased gradually between 2016/17 and 2021/22.
- Inflations was much higher in 2022/23 and 2023/24 than the cash increase in maximum support levels. The real terms cut was 7% in 2022/23 and 4% in 2023/24.
- The maximum support in 2024/25 is expected to be around £1,250 less than in 2021/22 in September 2023 prices if adjusted by CPI inflation.
- This cut, at 11% over three years, is larger than any real cuts seen in student support going back to the early 1960s.
- Maximum loan amounts are increased by the Government in line with forecast inflation, but differences between forecast and actual inflation are not ‘corrected’ in later years.
- In January 2023 the IFS said that because the forecasting errors in the previous two years had not been corrected the maximum support amounts will be around £1,500 less in the future. This cut is now effectively baked into future support. It said that the way that forecast inflation is used to uprate maintenance loans “..is not a sensible policy” and “The government’s framing of this announcement as a ‘cost of living boost for students’ is at best highly misleading”.
The link above also includes a file charting the value of support - grant or loan from 1960 to the present day.
Thus back in 1960/61 academic year the maximum support grant was £255, or £4,910 in Sep 2023 prices
1970/71 it was £380 (£4950)
1980/81 it was £1430 (£5735)
1990/91 it was £2265 (grant) plus £420 (loan) - a combined £6,220 in Sep 2023 prices.