Ok, I will try and answer your questions. Firstly, I'd also like to answer the question you didn't ask me, but asked someone else about experimental psychology. I think that is largely just the name. Any institution that has a research driven department, which all those 3 do, will be teaching psychology in a largely experimental way.
- are the placements in psychology exclusively for the psych students or are they open to all the other depts.
This depends on the placement. The vast majority are only for psychology students, but there are a few placements you can apply for that are open to other departments as well, but it really depends on what you are interested in. Similarly, there are lots of placements that are open to students from any discipline (corporations etc) but that she wouldn't be allowed to do by the department, as for the psychology placement at Bath you HAVE to be supervised by a psychologist, as they feel that is how you will get the most from it, and so you can't just do the generic type placements that lots of students will do. I am fairly certain that Bath is unique in this.
- would she have to compete for the placements with other university student around the country, would the placement jobs that are available also open to applicants nationwide.
This also varies. Some placements are open to students from other universities too, so you're most likely to be up against students from Cardiff, Surrey, or Kent, but there are also a lot of placements that will take Bath students in preference over those from other universities, or will only take Bath students, and if they don't get one just won't have a student that year.
- Do any students that applied for placement don't get one? So they end up doing final year straight after? If they are unsuccessful with getting offer of a placement what are the typical reasons that you know of?
There are different courses offered by the university. If she has been offered a place on the course with placement then she will definitely get a placement. There are far more placements available than students on the placement year, so you are guaranteed to get one, and there is a placement officer who works only for the psychology department, whose job it is to source placements and help students get a placement, and that is her full time job. If she's on the placement course she will get a placement. They take a maximum of 100 students on the course with placement, and this year there are about 180 - 190 placement opportunities listed. For 2014 entry they also started offering the course without placement, so people on that branch won't do a placement and will go straight to their final year, but if she has an offer for the course with placement that is what she would be doing.
- Does the placement help your final year on the course In any shape or form.
Yes. Most (although not all) students gather the data for their dissertation whilst on placement, or use data from the project they are working on during their placement etc. A few placements don't allow this, but it is unusual, and if that is something important to you then you can just apply for ones that will allow you to. Some placement providers are very, very helpful with dissertations and students return with them virtually completed, others come back with the data so they can go straight into writing up, and a few have to start from scratch (but that is a small minority). Placement providers aren't obliged to help with dissertations, but the vast majority do. Students are all required to write a report about their placement, which students in lower years can then look at to help them decide where to apply etc.
Let me know if she has any other questions - I'm happy to answer them, so either post here or PM me (I'm not procrastinating writing a lab report or anything.....!)