Do you want to self-teach or go to a college?
GCSE Science, which is what most students spends their Year 10 doing, takes one academic year. It requires you to do controlled assessments in Biology, Chemistry and Physics, which are marked by teachers.
If you want to self teach, you need to investigate the iGCSE, and note when you can take the various exams.
Do you need a science qualification to be able to move onto further education. If so, you probably have a lot of options, and are not limited to what is known as GCSE Science.