Hi an optician (optometrist) here :
We do a mix of objective (we use a test to look for the result without your input) and subjective (this is the bit where we ask you the questions) tests.
On some patients such as for instance younger children and patients with some learning difficulties we rely almost entirely on the objective tests.
The main objective test is retinoscopy although the machine that it was mentioned Specsavers used (and lots of other opticians do also) is an autorefractor which is similar although looks more modern but is not actually always as accurate.
We refine these measurements using the answers you give in testing.Alot of the questions we ask are checking an answer you just gave to see if it is reliable such as the duochrome red and green test which relies on the different wavelengths of these two colours to check if you are under or over corrected.
The test where we ask you is it better 'one or two' is to check for astigmatism (rugby ball shaped).
It your answers are inconsistent we ignore them and try other tests or rely much more on the objective tests.That is the skill really, to obtain the correct prescription from a variety of different tests.
All opticians follow the same training and have to do mandatory continuing education to stay registered.We do three years at University to get an optometry degree then a year pre registration where all our work is under the supervision of another optometrist while we obtain our professional qualification which is quite tough so we are able to do our job well.
Like all professionals within a field we do differ and you will find some may have an approach that suits you more.We should communicate clearly so you understand why you need spectacles and show you the difference in the prescription in terms of how you see with it.It shouldn't just be alot of confusing tests but an explanation of what we are doing and why and then explaining the end result giving you the opportunity to ask questions.
You may get an NHS test.Lots of the big opticians such as Specsavers,D & A,Boots often do promotions where you can get a free eye test even if you don't qualify under the NHS.However, don't just base booking in somewhere on this alone if you have been a bit unhappy in the past go in a few opticians see if they seem helpful and ask for their recommendation of one of their optometrist who will take their time and can explain things well to you.
It does sound as if you would benefit from an eye examination by the way.