What she has said sounds confusing. Has she referred you, or is she saying she has done a smear, and thinks you are likely to be called in for a colposcopy after? "Results within four weeks, then called in for colposcopy in a week" sounds like (almost) the routine way it works anyway, so she hasnt actually done anything about her concern???
FWIW (you are probably aware of this as you previously had treatment), I had a smear recently. My results came back abnormal- they were back after exactly 2 weeks and the letter stated I should expect a letter about a colposcopy within 2 weeks. I got it a week or so later, for the next week
From smear to colposcopy was about 4 weeks total. From reading on lots of forums, etc, it sounds like abnormal results are put through quicker, so hopefully you wont be waiting 5 weeks to even have contact re colpsocopy.
I second making an appointment with your GP. Ask what she meant, and if you have or have not been "referred". The point of referring you is to rush through, surely, so why would she also say it might take longer than the average process for an abnormal smear (I understand some places do take longer if they are running a back log).
I wouldn't read into the bleeding too much. Of course it can be a cancer symptom, but if you have a polyp, it is also a symptom of that. Try and talk yourself down a bit until your smear results come through.