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Some people can feel their heart when exercising, others can't.
How old are you and how fit? As you get older your resting heart rate slows down. It also slows if you are super fit, many marathon runners have resting heart rates of 40-50.
Palpitations can be a lot of things, mostly nothing to worry about, it's just you being aware of your heart beating. If you have other symptoms combined with the palpitations then that can indicate something more serious.
When you attend cardiology I can guarantee they will do an ECG.
An ECG can only show what is happening at the time so if you are not having palpitations at the time it is recorded it will probably be normal.
The other tests you might need (and might be done the same day or you might need an appointment).
Echo - an ultrasound to look at the structure of the heart and how it is beating. Don't think the tech is crap if they have you moving around or press the transducer a bit heard. Ultrasound doesn't pass through air (lungs) or bone so there is only a small gap to view through.
Stress test / exercise tolerance test
This is basically you wired up to an ECG machine and walking. The speed and the angle of the treadmill are increased every few minuites. You will never beat the machine, it is designed to exercise you to just below your maximum. Your ECG is monitored throughout and your BP will be taken every few mins.
As you have symptoms on exercise I would guess you will probably be sent for this. If your palpitations are caused by an arythmia then this will show up. Other changes can be seen such as ischemia (causes angina) or blocks in the conducting system.
24 hour tape / holter monitor / ambulatory monitor
This is a simplified ECG (2 or 3 leads rather than 12), it is connected to your chest and then you are sent home with it recording, you return the following day for it to be removed. The older ones are actual audio tapes so the recorder is like an old fashioned walkman. More modern ones are smaller. However they give exactly the same information so if you see an audio tape, don't worry.
Cardio memo / event recorder
As you have symptoms yo might be given one of these. There are two types, one is implantable snd used to automatically record over a number of months or even a year. You will not have this one at this stage.
The other is a small device a little bigger than a credit card. Whe you have any symptoms you put the recorder to your chest and press a record button.
The results can either be downloaded at the hospital, or some you can send the recording over the phone. The number of recordings made depends on the particular model or recorder.
Being sent for any or all of these tests does not mean you have a problem, it means they are looking at everything and if they are all normal then your palpitations may be just one of those things.
Everyone gets palpitations occasionally, obvioulsy the majority of people do not have a heart condition.