A few thoughts.
18-24 centimorgans is a very distant relative. 6th-8th cousin level, you're potentially going back 7 to 9 generations for a common ancestor - each generation 25 or 30 years - you're easily back 300 years into the 1750s.
It is entirely possible that all of these American matches are descended from a family group who headed off to the New World when the US was still a British colony. Perhaps one sibling didn't fancy it, wanted to stay at home or was already married to a local lad/lass. That is then your ancestor. That is a MUCH more likely scenario than some random American popping up and getting gg granny pregnant.
Also, people living in America, Canada, NZ, Australia are much more interested in exploring their DNA than people whose families have lived in the UK and Ireland for centuries. They have the drive to find out where they came from in a way which we do not. The reason you are not matching with British people is probably because none of them have tested.
My family back through the generations is massive - grandad was one of 11, his father was one of 13, his father one of 9. So I have dozens/hundreds of second and third cousins - and precisely ONE match of that level on Ancestry. And he's in South Africa. And not because my granddad's not my granddad, but because my relatives just aren't interested enough to shell out £100 for an Ancestry kit.
The reason your extended American family all trace back to the same community in the 1750s is because that's where their common ancestor is. That's how they are all related, and your relationship to all of them is that point before whoever it was went to America.
Trying to prove it and find a paper trail though is going to be real challenge as you're 100 years before registration of births/death/marriages and the census.