I'm not quite sure why so many Airport Expresses were needed.... Airport Expresses are WIFI Routers, so they take in a network signal and then share that over WIFI to other devices that connect to it. The network signal they share is usually be a cabled network that it's plugged into. I believe that they can also connect onto a WIFI network and share that again.
To share a WIFI network it will need to be able to see that network. And it will be about as good as seeing that as any other computer will be. So, for example, if you have the main modem router (the thing plugged into the phone socket) downstairs and are unable to access WIFI in a bedroom upstairs then popping an Airport Express in that room isn't going to help. If a computer in that bedroom can't see the WIFI to connect to it then the Airport Express won't either.
However what you could do is to put the Airport Express halfway between the bedroom and the main modem router downstairs. The Airport Express can then act as a stepping stone, an intermediate link between upstairs and down.
Instructions for doing this are here ("Wi-Fi base stations: Setting up and configuring a Wireless Distribution System (802.11b/g)"):
support.apple.com/kb/HT4262
And again why you'd want so many of those stepping stones inside a house is a bit of a mystery, you must have a very big house :)
Time Capsule...
Yes the Time Capsule contains another wireless router, so think of it as being an Airport Express inside a box that also holds a disk drive.
"said I should up date our ancient router (provided by talktalk years ago) and get one with a wider range."
Well you've got lots of routers in the house already....
So what I would try first is to turn off your ancient router's wireless network. Then plug your Timecapsule into you router via a network cable and use that as your houses wireless network. You've now got a nice modern wireless network and that might, just might, get the wireless into rooms that can't currently see it.
Instructions for this are on this page under the heading "Creating a wireless network.":
www.apple.com/uk/timecapsule/setup.html
As said that might work, and it might not.
So what you could try doing, being as you've got the kit anyway, is plugging one of the Airport Expresses in on the landing upstairs (guessing you've got a typical scenario with the modem router under your stairs) and then using the instructions mentioned earlier ("Wi-Fi base stations: Setting up and configuring a Wireless Distribution System (802.11b/g)").
Using that articles definitions the "WDS main base station" would be the old modem router which is plugged into your Time Capsule which is acting as the "WDS relay base station" which is talking to the Air Port Express upstairs which is acting as the "WDS remote base station".
But in some houses that might still not cut it.
So what might be best would be trying to either run a network cable upstairs to one or more of the Airport Expresses or to use one of ways of using your home wiring as a network.