First of all I would have a good clear up. Get rid of all those drifted leaves, any pots, that pile of twigs/ logs, lanterns etc until you have got back to bare bones. now you can see what you have to work with.
Try and identify the plants that are in the rh bed. Decide if you want to keep them, if not pull them out and either plant in the back, offer to someone or bin, if you want to keep them check on how to look after them, one looks like a climber , possibly a clematis, without anywhere to climb, if this is the case work out how you could support it to grow upwards. do the plants need tidying up after the winter. How does the soil look, could it do with improving?
Think about how much effort you want to devote to this patch. You might want to have pots with seasonal or permanent planting, but pots take work, they need to be watered, changed seasonally, maintained, plants fed etc. if you aren’t prepared to put in the work,( and don’t have an outside tap handy) then stick to growing things in the beds.
Have a look around your neighbourhood, if you see plants you like and which are growing well use a plant identifier on your phone, chances are if they like the conditions in your neighbours gardens they will like conditions in yours.
This all sounds as though it will take time, it will, but time spent planning isn’t wasted, it will in the long run probably save you time and money money as plants you don’t like, or which die because they are in the wrong place, or which grow too large for the space have eventually to be discarded. It is very tempting to go to a garden centre and fill up a trolley for instant impact , but it is often hit and miss!
ps if you can fit a small water butt discreetly next to those drain pipes it will save you carrying water cans ( unless we have a drought) if you do decide to go for pots!