Its brilliant to have a garden, especially a nice long one!
I suppose you could need a potting shed, greenhouse, summer house, pond, vegetable raised beds, possibly fruit cage, flowers, sitting area (usually 2 sitting areas, one for morning one for afternoon), area for washing , area for children to play
Tools: Secateurs, shears, loppers, hand trowel, hand fork, weeding thingy, digging fork, spade, hoe. Possibly electric strimmer. Garden diary.
Place to hang up tools neatly. Potting bench. Compost heap. Outside tap. Garden hose which hangs neatly on the wall. Hozelock spray attachment for hose. Watering can.
Shrubs: Visit gardens and garden centres and see what you like. You can choose deciduous shrubs and evergreens. what you choose depends on what you like and your soil. 'Architectural plants' is a good nursery to visit, as well as the Hillier winter gardens and centre. Burncoose nursery is also good to visit if you can as they are brilliant at shrubs.
If damp, Gunnera is a must. If ericaceous, acers, azaleas rhodedendrons and pieris are the way to go. If clay, photinia, chosiya, deutzia and cornus are nice but there is a massive choice. Choose plants with lighter leaves for darker corners.
Fruit trees are nice to grow and give you flower and fruit and Autumn colour. If you buy a cherry tree buy an edible morello cherry tree. Figs are nice to grow if sunny. Berries like blueberries tayberries raspberries are great.
Bamboo gives good screening and makes a lovely sound.
Some people go down the pleached beech or Yew route for screening. This is not my thing as I like flowers and fruit but with time Yew makes for splendid topiary.