Yes, but I also did a lot of other things.
I read Why We Sleep by Matt Walker, and there’s more to it than food. Every cell in your body has an internal clock or rhythm - it does its work at particular times, rests at particular times, and divides at particular times. To feel well, you need all your cells doing their work at the right time, so you need to give them cues about what time it is - because they all sense time in different ways.
Food:
• Yes, caffeine is a stimulant and will have an effect. Keep your caffeine to the first half of the day, switch to decaf after midday.
• One of the reasons we sleep is because a chemical called adenosine builds up in the brain as a kind of waste product from normal wakefulness. There are receptors that detect this build up. The adenosine is cleared while we sleep. So the build up of adenosine creates a “sleep pressure”. Caffeine blocks (temporarily) these receptors, so giving some relief from sleep pressure, but when the caffeine is cleared, your receptors suddenly realise there’s loads of adenosine still there, so the tiredness hits. If you keep your caffeine level high you never quite feel sleepy enough to clear all the adenosine.
• Meal timing is a big influence on internal clock: try to stick to a regular eating schedule. Make sure you finish eating about 3 hours before you want to fall asleep. In the beginning this meant I felt super hungry - having a fruit tea (unsweetened) helped, and after a while I stopped feeling so hungry in the evenings.
Light:
• Perhaps the biggest influence is light. Your brain needs to have bright light early in the day and then have it gradually dim in the evening to stimulate the production of melatonin. Melatonin is a hormone that creates sleep pressure (and works with adenosine to help you fall asleep).
• Most of us don’t spend enough time outside to get bright enough light into our eyes. Indoor bright light is still 100-1000x too dim to do the job.
• In an ideal world we’d all get up and do some exercise outside first thing. If you’ve got a dog, walk it first thing. If you run, run outside first thing. (Yes, when it’s winter and sunrise is late this is difficult to time around work).
• If you can’t exercise first thing, take your morning coffee outside. Try to be out at least 10 minutes.
• Even a cloudy day is far far brighter outside than in. (I did do the measurements myself on this one when I was a teacher and had access to the tools).
• In the evening try not to use the Big Light, use dimmer, redder lights. Lamps, fairy lights, candles (if it’s safe). Make it cosy. Turn your phone brightness right down (and the TV if you can - DH is not a fan!)
Keep the routine:
Try to stick to the same timings every day. If you work shifts, this is tricky - scientists have written suggestions for shift workers but I haven’t read them.
At the weekend try to flex the timings by no more than an hour. If you find you need much more sleep at the weekend it’s because you’re not getting enough during the week. Adjust your timings so you’ve got at least an 8 hour sleep opportunity.
It took me a long time to fix my sleep, and it’s not perfect, I still wake once or twice a night sometimes, but my sleep is much better quality now. It may take you YEARS to feel like you’ve made proper progress, but you might also feel some instant improvements.
Stick with it.