The majority didn’t get an education for centuries; but those who did get an education, the priests and aristocracy would have done Latin, from the time of the breakdown of the Roman Empire onwards. My degree was Latin from fourth century BC up to Thomas More - we read works by all the famous historical figures, such as The Venerable Bede, Charlemagne, Heloise and Abelard, the Carmina Burana, Gregory the Great, Erasmus, Petrarch, you name them to Thomas More’s “Utopia”. Latin was the language of diplomacy in the times of Elizabeth 1st.
Even after that time, boys who were educated in the public schools up to the 20th century, did Classics.
My great grandfather, his three sisters and his father went to a grammar school in Victorian times. They all went to university. I don’t know if they did Latin or not, but it was required for entry to Oxford.
My grammar school did Latin O and A levels. I don’t remember specific criteria for it, but those who did it, were reasonably good at MFL.