Sounds like a worrying situation for you. We don't have enough information here to advise you on whether £10k is reasonable. Things that are relevant:
- how much equity is in the house?
- did you contribute anything to the deposit for the house?
- have you paid anything towards the costs of the house?
The house hasn't been owned that long, so it is quite possible that there has been little to no capital growth.
The marriage has been very short.
You have continued to work in self-employment during the marriage.
Your husband has no financial obligation to your children.
A reasonable starting point for a court is therefore likely to be to return you both to a similar position as you were in without the marriage. So, if the deposit and all the payments to the house came from him, and you can't show a meaningful financial contribution, then £10k out of a very limited amount of equity could be eminently reasonable. Or it might not - only a solicitor can advise you, based on the facts of your case.
Certainly, you should not expect a marriage of only a year to mean that you can now walk off with half of his assets, or to have him support you into the future. It sounds as though @Bubbles121 is advising you to stay with him until you can be sure of being entitled to a much larger share of his assets - setting aside the fact that this would be morally reprehensible, it would take years before a court decided that this was no longer a short marriage.