[quote winched]@NannyAndJohn since you know about these things could you point me in the direction of where to find the modelling and how they do the modelling?
Google isn't helping and maybe I'm being thick but can't find it on imperial college website. The only thing I found was a 17 minute long youtube video explaining 'Real Time Modelling' but I would rather read.
It's strange because I can see all this with a simple google search for the US, including what assumptions they make, how often the inputs are updated, dates when they changed the method behind the modelling and a full explanation of why.
It doesn't seem as easy to find any of this info for the UK? [/quote]
Here: assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/993427/S1289_Imperial_Roadmap_Step_4.pdf
And yes, the process of fitting the model to the data and running projections for a number of scenarios DOES take a number of weeks.
The Imperial model, for example, involves setting up a contact network structure that resembles the UK population, then uses probability to simulate the spread of disease over the network.
See here - statnet.org/nme/d3-s8-ndtv.html - for animations illustrating how this is done (I prefer the one at the bottom of the page). Note that this example contains 100 nodes whereas the Imperial network will contain 66 million nodes (one for each person in the UK), so even one single step in the model will take up a considerable amount of computing power and hence time.
The model fitting uses data starting in January 2020, so one full run of the model will need over 500 steps (one per day). See how this is getting rather time consuming? Oh, and fitting the model involves running it hundreds of thousands of times in order to obtain accurate estimates of the parameters of interest (eg. R number, secondary attack rate).
Then there are the projections, with the model having to be run thousands of times with hundreds of steps in each run for a variety of different scenarios (eg. varying degrees of vaccine efficacy, varying increases in transmission of Delta).
Contrary to belief, modelling is not just pressing a button and the results fall out immediately.