The thing is ancestrally, we evolved to be outside all day... farming, hunting, herding etc. Nowadays, since urbanisation and especially since the industrial revolution we are indoors... homes, offices, factories, shops etc. Hence we only get a tiny portion of vit D from sunshine we used to. It's not available AT ALL in the UK from Autumn equinox to Spring equinox (roughly, depending on latitude). Rickets was originally called the "English Disease" as it's where the industrial revolution started... people indoors suddenly plus lots of smoke stack factories belching out heavy smoke, blocking UVB from reaching skin.
Only 10% is available from diet... if you're eating a healthy diet which includes regular portions of oily fish like wild salmon, herring and mackerel.
One egg contains only 40 iu of vitamin D. 400 iu is the level required to prevent rickets/osteomalacia, and 4,000 iu is the optimum level recommended by vitamin D researchers and endocrinologists for immunological and metabolic health.
Another factor impeding vitamin D sufficiency is our fructose (and alcohol) heavy diets... both lead to fatty liver disease... the liver is a crucial organ in the metabolic processing of cholecalciferol (the precursor form of vit D in supplements, food and sun-kissed skin) to the active usable form calcifediol that gets to work in the body. If the liver has low function, that doesn't happen efficiently.
The only exception is the Inuit and other Arctic indigenous peoples who eat a traditional diet, ie mostly carnivore with lots of oily fish, seal blubber, whale, bear meat etc. Not available to those in a commerce-based economy and food system. Hence we need to top up our levels as much as possible in summer (sensibly) and take a high supplement in winter ~4000 and take a moderate supplement in summer ~2000.
In days gone by, low winter vit D levels probably didn't matter so much as pandemic infection risks were non existent as people hunkered down in small communities, with not much contact between them. Nowadays we live in a globalised economy, with huge swirlings of people mixing with international jet travel, intercontinental trade and likely seedings of emergent viruses and people and their goods rapidly move around.