www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-8165321/Critical-shortage-coronavirus-test-component-means-London-hospitals-run-DAYS.html
In order to extract the viral RNA, certain reagents are needed. In normal times, there would be plenty of this chemical. It's a key component in the test - which also requires other chemicals so the detection can take place.
Unfortunately, these aren't normal times - so hospital pathology labs are running low and are having to restrict tests to those people who they think have enough symptoms.
Many years ago, I was involved in a project when this kind of test was novel. Now it's commonplace - but it still needs certain reagents.
I hope we can get enough of this reagent - as many other countries will be after it. The same might well be true for the antibody tests - unless the manufacturers can develop a test that comes complete with all the reagents needed.