Serum just means the levels in your blood.
FSH - Follicle Stimulating Hormone (basically checks for whether you are currently ovulating)
LH - Leutinising Hormone (surge in LH indicates that ovulation will occur in the next 1-2 days)
Prolactin - Hormone connected with Lactation
Oestradiol - Oestrogen Hormone connected with ovarian function
Some info. from other sites:
LH is often used in conjunction with other tests (including FSH and Estradiol) in the workup of infertility in both men and women. LH levels are also useful in the investigation of menstrual irregularities and to aid in the diagnosis of pituitary disorders or diseases involving the ovaries or testes. The test may be ordered along with an FSH test if a women is having irregular menstrual periods to help determine if she has reached menopause. In women, LH and FSH levels can help to differentiate between primary ovarian failure (failure of the ovaries themselves or lack of ovarian development) and secondary ovarian failure (failure of the ovaries due to disorders of either the pituitary or the hypothalamus). Increased levels of LH and FSH are seen in primary ovarian failure. When a woman enters menopause and her ovaries stop working, LH levels will rise. When a woman enters menopause and her ovaries stop working, FSH levels will rise. FSH results can be increased with use of cimetidine, clomiphene, digitalis, and levodopa. FSH results can decrease with oral contraceptives, phenothiazines, and hormone treatments.
Non-pregnant women will normally have only small amounts of prolactin in their blood. Prolactin levels do, however, need to be evaluated based on the time of day that they are collected. The levels will vary over a 24-hour period, rising during sleep and peaking in the morning. Prolactin levels may be checked as part of a sex hormone workup, as elevated prolactin secretion can suppress the secretion of FSH.
Estradiol has not only a critical impact on reproductive and sexual functioning, but also affects other organs including the bones. During the reproductive years, most estradiol in women is produced by the granulosa cells of the ovaries. Estradiol levels are used to help evaluate ovarian function. Serum estradiol measurement in women reflects primarily the activity of the ovaries. As such, they are useful in the detection of baseline estrogen in women with amenorrhea (lack of periods).
Hope this helps. I used Wikepedia and Lab Tests Online.