Potatoes soaking in water (fully covered)
Carrots soaking in water (pref) or can be in air tight container
Sprouts, cauliflower, brocolli as carrots
Parsnips, onions, garlic - all in separate air tight containers (NO water)
Parsnips, butternut squash, onion can also be marinating in an airtight bag (olive oil, balsamic vinegar, thyme, salt, pepper) if useful - I usually steam roots for 15 minutes first (carrots, parsnips, squash) and toss carrots into juice of a clementine, then carrots, parsnips, squash, onions and garlic all into the marinade above and throw straight into the oven, but could only steam carrots (and for less time) before giving them their clementine bath and joining the rest if you wanted to.
Peas are only taken out of the freezer when turkey goes into oven to defrost.
I've never done red cabbage so can't say. And other veg would not be normal for us on Christmas day. (But I do roasted Mediterannean veggies that can be prepped, diced and marinated the day before, and just tossed from their ziploc bag into the oven for 20-30 minutes when needed).