I don't think so, I think it takes a few days for the vaccination to start to kick start the immune system. I think thats why things like a reaction rash can take up to a couple of weeks to come out. I know after the MMR I was told to watch for a measles like rash about 12 days after.
Plus no vaccination is 100%, and most rely on "herd immunity".
But I am no expert, I am sure someone will be along soon that is!