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Childbirth

Share experiences and get support around labour, birth and recovery.

Ever wonder why so many women are scared off by the thought of a home birth?

269 replies

foxytocin · 19/10/2010 01:29

These questions [[
store.aqa.org.uk/qual/gcse/qp-ms/AQA-3561-H-W-QP-JUN09.PDF from AQA]] give an insight into our mindset.

3 (a) Suggest four advantages of having a hospital birth.
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(4 marks)

3 (b) Name three types of pain relief usually available in a hospital.

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(3 marks

Where was the mention of home births here - or the disadvantages of hospital births.

OP posts:
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howabout · 28/07/2011 04:33

Mum2b79 - your thinking is very similar to mine when I gave birth to my first in the US especially as I was freaking out about being in a foreign country. I just wanted to reassure you with my personal experience that if you are articulate and remain in control (a supportive partner helps) then you can have a non medicalised birth even with all the state of the art facilities and top consultants on hand. My DD was actually delivered by the consultant as the rest of the team were really busy and my labour was very quick and uncomplicated and not only did he know exactly what he was doing he seemed quite delighted to attend a straightforward birth for a change.

Mum2be79 · 29/07/2011 10:52

Quote: Have you read the thread? Do you think that women like myself who choose to give birth at home are prioritising our own experience over our baby's safety?

Absolutely not! Myself and my brother were both born at home. if you think that is safe for you, go for it. Like my last line said - The only person who should have the final say is the pregnant woman! I personally do not feel safe at my home (given the distance from hospital AND that I'm due January 1st - not a great time weather wise living in a rural area and having to wait for a MW to turn up!)

Crosshair Are you talking about the Jubilee centre? if so, that was a shock to me too. Not my choice, but still heard good reports about it.

Crosshair · 30/07/2011 00:14

Yea the Jubilee centre , Im also due 1st of jan. Think I'll probably be going to Hull women and children's hosipital, a first time home birth sounds alittle scary for me.

Mum2be79 · 30/07/2011 10:48

Ditto!!!! I live on East Yorks/North Yorks border (closer to Goole and Selby) and chose to have my peanut at York Hospital. Hull Royal is a little further for me (only by about 3 miles) but since I am already under York for other reasons, it just made sense to me.
Forgot to mention that I am also asthmatic hence my reason for a hospital birth than a home birth. It's just a little too far for me to rush off if I need the extra support.
Are you on the January 2012 thread in the antenatal section?

Curlybug · 07/08/2011 19:55

'Vulnerable and afraid' women are less likely to pick a home birth, creating bias in studies. Anyway, in labour, a vulnerable woman can just as easily be swayed by a midwife who is overly reticent to intervene into making choices that are unwise at home, as they can be swayed towards over/under-intervention in hospital.

Trouble is there aren't any studies that show home birth is safe. The best you can get are (somewhat questionable) studies that show they have not been proved to be riskier than hospital births in some European countries in low risk women. Which is not the same thing at all.

And in fact, given that home births should only be for a selected group of low risk women, the fact they aren't safer than hospitals with higher risk women suggests that, in fact, they are riskier. I don't accept that it is that easy to define a low risk woman.

Childbirth is far safer in more developed countries now, but the day a baby is born is by far the riskiest day of most children's lives. My opinion is that a small increase in risk with home births, that might not show up in studies, (except in massive randomised controlled trials which will never happen) is unacceptable. Without that kind of evidence, the question boils down to whether the psychological effect of certain mothers being happier outside hospital outweighs the benefit of being in close proximity to equipment, a larger pool of midwives, highly trained anaesthetists, neonatologists, obstetricians, surgeons, a well stocked blood bank and pharmacy.
But it's your choice.

Of course whilst financial resources are available, patients should be offered as much choice as the NHS can afford, but until the non-existant massive randomised controlled trial, women should not be falsely reassured that 'home births are as safe as hospital births for low risk women'.

spudulika · 07/08/2011 20:28

"'Vulnerable and afraid' women are less likely to pick a home birth, creating bias in studies".

Actually many women choose to have their babies at home following traumatic or difficult first births in hospital. This was the case for me - I had a very poorly managed first labour in hospital ending in a forceps delivery. I choose to give birth at home second time around because I was too scared to put myself in the hands of a system I felt was uncaring and unreliable. I was scared at home. Just less scared at hospital.

"Anyway, in labour, a vulnerable woman can just as easily be swayed by a midwife who is overly reticent to intervene into making choices that are unwise at home"

What sort of 'choices' are you thinking of? Midwives delivering babies at home have protocols they have to follow in the case of problems in the labour. These protocols govern everything from ARM, to management of third stage, to situations where transfer is necessary.

"Trouble is there aren't any studies that show home birth is safe. The best you can get are (somewhat questionable) studies that show they have not been proved to be riskier than hospital births in some European countries in low risk women. Which is not the same thing at all.

"And in fact, given that home births should only be for a selected group of low risk women, the fact they aren't safer than hospitals with higher risk women suggests that, in fact, they are riskier. I don't accept that it is that easy to define a low risk woman."

The very large, good quality studies that the RCM and the RCOG base their recommendation that homebirth is safe compare outcomes for low risk women ONLY - comparing those who book to have their baby at home with those low risk women who book a hospital birth. The outcomes for the homebirth 'arm' include all those women who transfer before and during labour because of ill-health and labour complications.

"My opinion is that a small increase in risk with home births, that might not show up in studies, (except in massive randomised controlled trials which will never happen) is unacceptable."

Why - if the evidence of the safety of homebirth is good enough for the RCM and the RCOG is it not good enough for you? What evidence of risk do you have that they're not privy to? Hmm

The way I look at it is this: in the 1950's most women gave birth at home. The move towards birth in hospital in the 1960's was made before there was any good quality evidence that there were benefits in it for healthy mothers or their babies.

And there is still no good quality evidence that hospital birth is safer for low risk mothers and babies.

And actually there IS a large amount of evidence that women who give birth in hospital have POORER health following delivery and higher rates of operative birth, which puts subsequent babies at increased risk.

"the question boils down to whether the psychological effect of certain mothers being happier outside hospital outweighs the benefit of being in close proximity to equipment, a larger pool of midwives, highly trained anaesthetists, neonatologists, obstetricians, surgeons, a well stocked blood bank and pharmacy."

It's not about women being 'happier'. There are hard clinical benefits to homebirth for many mothers and babies: the reduction in the number of babies born with low apgar scores, and admittance to SCBU - both things associated with birth at home, and a MUCH lower rate of assisted and surgical birth.
But it's your choice. Neither of these things trivial or unimportant.

" until the non-existant massive randomised controlled trial, women should not be falsely reassured that 'home births are as safe as hospital births for low risk women'"

Or indeed offered assurance that 'hospital births are as safe as homebirth for low risk women'. Hmm

Because as you say - the large, randomised studies haven't, and will never be done, to prove this is the case.

Curlybug · 11/08/2011 00:39

Your choice to have a homebirth second time around was a very expression of how non-vulnerable and autonomous you were. It may well have been ther right choice for you. A more vulnerable person might not have asserted their 'right' to a home delivery. Had you been in hospital, you would most likely have refused what you perceived to be over-intervention.
Second births are generally easier than first births, so your more succcessful outcome of your second birth may not have been a function of the fact that your second child was not born on NHS trust property.

'What sort of 'choices' are you thinking of?'
Women at home and in hospital both have the right to consent to or refuse any intervention, examination etc.

'Midwives delivering babies at home have protocols they have to follow in the case of problems in the labour.'
So do midwives and doctors in hospital! At times it is useful to adhere to protocols, but experienced professionals may also use their judgement in certain situations.

'The very large, good quality studies that the RCM and the RCOG base their recommendation that homebirth is safe compare outcomes for low risk women ONLY'
The difference between a low risk and a high risk delivery is that no major risk factors have been identified. This does not mean that there is not risk present and you might not know you are high risk until you have a dead mother or baby.

'Why - if the evidence of the safety of homebirth is good enough for the RCM and the RCOG is it not good enough for you?'
OK - the RCOG says in their Home births joint statement no 2 - 'There is ample evidence showing that labouring at home increases a woman's likelihood of a birth that is both satisfying and safe, with implications for her health and that of her baby.1-3'.
I feel that this sentence is regrettable. The first reference in this document is a Dutch study which firstly shows that a really good place to give birth is Holland, with caesarian rates of max 4% in both hospital and home births! Secondly, there are serious methodological flaws with this paper. Twice, it uses a scoring system which is arbitary and unvalidated. For example, it ranks 'perinatal death' the same as 'non-cephalic presentation at birth' and the same as 'episiotomy', rather than assessing them seperately. The power calculation of the study is based on this too, so it set itself up to find no statistical significance in low incidence outcomes eg neonatal death. It also said it controlled for social, medical and obstetric background, but it lumped these together. In fact in the hospital group, there were more people of ethnic minority, more who didn't attend any antenatal classes, more with previous pregnancy complications, more with serious anaemia in this pregnancy (but still classed as low risk).
If the RCOG is using this study as part of their evidence, Im not impressed.
The second study accepts in its abstract that it may be biased too.

'in the 1950's most women gave birth at home'
Actually it was 33% at home in the 1950s. Perinatal mortality was also 36.9/1000 then as opposed to 7.6/1000 now. I accept that there was a higher proportion born at home then, but the statistics appear to show giving birth was riskier then.

'women who give birth in hospital have POORER health following delivery and higher rates of operative birth'
The Dutch study, first on the RCOG list above, shows no statistical evidence of increased caesarian sections or instrumental delivery. Anyway, women can refuse ANY intervention. Wherever they are.

'the reduction in the number of babies born with low apgar scores'
What is the mechanism for this? What is the evidence for this low apgar score - just this Birthday survey? Unfortunately, I dont have access to this full text - could you post a link? People can refuse intervention.

'admittance to SCBU'
Do you have the link for this too?

I just dont think there is sufficient evidence for 'hard clinical benefits to homebirth'.

Loopymumsy · 11/08/2011 07:51

This reply has been deleted

Message withdrawn at poster's request.

greycircles · 11/08/2011 08:12

My friend had a totally textbook perfect first pregnancy. She had no problems whatsoever and everything went exactly how it should. She even went into labour exactly on her due date. She was very very very low risk for everything.

Fortunately she chose a hospital birth because her and her baby both nearly died and both would have done if she hadn't been right next to an operating theatre. Her husband collapsed at the shock. This is why I cringe when I hear people singing the praises of homebirths.

Mum2be79 · 11/08/2011 09:35

Let's look again at the question:
Ever wonder why so many women are scared off by the thought of a home birth?
I can't speak for the general public as this sort of question will require personal responses. There will be many, many reasons why. But for those who are in favour of a home birth, please do not think that those who are in favour of a hospital birth (like me) are attacking your choices or are saying that home births are dangerous or are saying that you are putting your personal choices before that of the health and safety of your child (as one poster thought I was saying! Confused).
I have many reasons why I am put off a home birth; the main one is being distance from a hospital if a problem does present itself. The 40 minute drive to my nearest one will only panic me further. I am not so lucky as some people living so close to a hospital. I dare say that if I lived closer or in the city where I will give birth, a home birth may have flickered into my thoughts. But as this is my first pregnancy, I have absolutely no idea what the experience will be like, how I will cope and how my husband will cope!!! Despite all the advice from professionals, friends and relatives. The thought of being near professionals gives me a lot of relief and satisfaction and I have always had good experiences of the hospitals I have been under (5 different ones ranging from Newcastle area to Yorkshire).
I do not attack those who choose to have their babies at home. They have their reasons and for some, as said in earlier posts, their experience was far more enjoyable at home than hospital. That's fine. But please, please try not to dictate, or forcibly argue what you think is best on other people. As far as I am concerned, there can be hundreds of studies, involving thousands of women, nationwide or internationally and none of it will sway what I think is best for me.
For the record, my friend gave birth at home. Unplanned but little Maya came rather quickly. My friend is now giving serious consideration to the thought of a home birth for her second, which I 100% support her with because it's her choice.

spudulika · 11/08/2011 10:28

"Your choice to have a homebirth second time around was a very expression of how non-vulnerable and autonomous you were."

Well no. Had I not been lucky enough to have a colleague who is an independent midwife who stepped in and supported me, I would have had to go into hospital. My luck was knowing the right person and getting her support.

Anyway - I'm telling you what I felt and I don't particularly appreciate being challenged on this subject by a complete stranger who knows nothing about me. I WAS SCARED. I WAS SCARED when I opted to have my third baby at home, following the shoulder dystocia I experienced with my second. As a homebirth support contact for the NCT I've talked to lots of mothers over the years who are contemplating a homebirth. I can tell you categorically that these women don't as a group appear to have a cast iron belief that birth is always easy or uncomplicated. They often have very complex reasons for choosing to give birth out of hospital - sometimes positive (they believe they will get better care at home), sometimes negative (they've had traumatic experiences in hospital and are too frightened to go back).

And I think in settling on 'mothers attitude' as some sort of solid explanation of why mothers giving birth at home have better outcomes - well, it smacks of desperation.

"Had you been in hospital, you would most likely have refused what you perceived to be over-intervention.

I'm sorry - you don't seem to have any understanding of the psychology of birth. Read some of the stories on this thread. How many women DO refuse intervention in labour in real life? It's very unusual - women are in no position in advanced labour to think rationally. They are vulnerable and often very frightened if things aren't going to plan. They develop a relationship of trust and dependency with the health professionals who are caring for them that makes it extremely unlikely that they will reject their recommendations in labour, particularly as they are aware that these recommendations are usually made in good faith.

I certainly didn't reject any recommendations that were made to me in any of my three labours, and I was PROFOUNDLY grateful to put myself fully in the hands of a midwife I was close to and who I trusted in my second and third birth.

"Second births are generally easier than first births, so your more succcessful outcome of your second birth may not have been a function of the fact that your second child was not born on NHS trust property".

Yes - this is prossibly true. But I'll never know for sure. What I do know is that I was happier DURING my labour and AFTERWARDS because of the different type of care I had at home, compared to hospital.

"The difference between a low risk and a high risk delivery is that no major risk factors have been identified. This does not mean that there is not risk present and you might not know you are high risk until you have a dead mother or baby. "

Yes - I agree. We may not know if the mother is particularly vulnerable to developing a blood clot, which will be more of a risk if she ends up having major surgery. Doesn't stop us telling her that hospital is a safe option for her, despite knowing that by simply walking through the hospital doors in labour she is doubling the likelyhood that she's going to need surgery to deliver her baby.

In any case - the proof of the pudding....

On the evidence we have right now it appears that the outcomes for low risk women giving birth in hospital are poorer than for low risk women giving birth at home. They are more likely to experience birth injuries and no more likely to emerge with a well baby.

"If the RCOG is using this study as part of their evidence, Im not impressed.
The second study accepts in its abstract that it may be biased too."

It's part of the evidence.

In any case where is the solid good quality evidence for the safety of hospital birth. You clearly believe there is good evidence that hospital is safer for low risk women.

So link me to it!

"the statistics appear to show giving birth was riskier then".

Yes - but it was also riskier in hospital.

"women who give birth in hospital have POORER health following delivery and higher rates of operative birth'
The Dutch study, first on the RCOG list above, shows no statistical evidence of increased caesarian sections or instrumental delivery"

But all the studies conducted in the UK do.

Any - I am with you on the quality of the evidence. There isn't cast iron proof for the belief that either hospital or home are equally safe or that hospital is safer.

I just don't - as you do - accept that hospital must always be the 'default mode' in the absence of evidence, which in any case, will never be forthcoming, because of the impossibility of randomising or controlling for all factors that may influence birth outcomes.

"Anyway, women can refuse ANY intervention. Wherever they are."

I repeat - this point is laughable. Women overwhelmingly DON'T refuse interventions in labour, no matter how confident or assertive they are when they're not in labour.

"This is why I cringe when I hear people singing the praises of homebirths."

Why - because you KNOW that your friend would have died if she'd given birth at home?

Despite the fact that - out of 10's of 1000's of births at home over the past two decades, no other mothers have died?

If you clearly believe that homebirth is dangerous you really need to ask why the Royal College of Midwives supports it.

Either they are being cavalier with the lives of mothers and babies, or they are acting in ignorance of the facts.

Which one is it?

spudulika · 11/08/2011 10:36

Mum2B79 - "But please, please try not to dictate, or forcibly argue what you think is best on other people".

you seem to be labouring under the illusion that someone on this thread (me?) is arguing that women should be forced to have their babies out of hospital whether they like it or not.

Nobody is saying this, so I'm wondering why you're making an issue about it?

startail · 11/08/2011 10:47

If a HB feels right for you go for it.
You can weigh up the evidence till the cows come home, but in the end only you know what is right for you, your baby and your family.
My earliest memory is the HB of my little sister. To me second babies were born at home.
After I had DD1 in hospital and hated every second of pre and post natal wards (the delivery room bit was fine), I knew DC 2 would be a HB if at all possible.
Never once did a single midwife bat an eyelid at my decision. They were brilliant and seemed to enjoy the whole business just as much as my family did.
PS there was no mess, the MW covered everything in absorbent pads and changed the bed while I had a bath in my own bathSmile
One slightly stairs towel resulted from bundling up DD2 and that was it.

Curlybug · 30/08/2011 17:28

Sorry I took so long - computer problems.
Thank you Loopymumsy. I am glad your child is fine.

I apologise, spudulika, for challenging you. From the way in which you dissected everyone?s posts, I thought you would appreciate the debate. We challenged each other.
I am not actually anti either location for birth, but my personal preference is towards hospital, and most doctors I have talked to on the internet feel the same way. What I am anti is saying that there is good/ample evidence for homebirths. I would prefer to lobby for a reduction in unnecessary interventions, as from your posts, that seems to be a key issue.

As a psychiatrist, I know something about psychology and anxiety. I appreciate giving birth anywhere can be very scary and can affect people?s decision-making. I was scared about the birth during my pregnancy, but was emotionally numb during the delivery as I just did not care what happened to me at that point. I was mostly concerned with dealing with the pain and didn?t care what my surroundings were. I suppose I did what I was told (apart from getting upset with a doctor with very poor communication skills) and thankfully had a lovely midwife and no interventions.

?Despite the fact that - out of 10's of 1000's of births at home over the past two decades, no other mothers have died??
Where did you get this from? I can?t find the figures right now and I don?t think it?s common, but at least 1 mother has died in labour at home in he UK (in 2008 - Joanne Whale).

What is more common however (brought swiftly to my attention) is stillbirth (11 per day in the UK) and neonatal death (6 per day). Stillbirth is as common in homebirths as in hospital and I think neonatal death more so, especially if it is further to the hospital.
I think that if I had chosen to give birth at home and had an unexpected stillbirth (maybe a long second stage where I decided not to risk the trip to hospital), I would beat myself up (more) about whether his life could have been saved if I had had a ventouse/caesarean. Also a 30 min trip to hospital for a baby who is not breathing is a long way ? resuscitation doesn?t always work, and I choose to put trust in skills of neonatal doctors and nurses (as well as obstetricians and midwives).

I don?t know how I would feel about going back to the hospital (yet). As it turns out, I probably won?t have any choice in my second pregnancy.
Following my baby?s death, I think it would be more difficult to have an avoidant negative association to my house/ front room, as opposed to the hospital, which is a place I have the potential to separate from my life. I do appreciate that having a very positive event happening there is great.

spudulika · 30/08/2011 18:27

References for increased rates of stillbirth and neonatal deaths at PLANNED homebirth please? Preferably a meta analysis and not just a single study.

Also please reference to maternal death at PLANNED homebirth.
By the way - I don't mind being challenged when it comes to my facts and opinions. It's just a bit galling having a complete stranger tell me how I feel

And you can't 'lobby' for a decrease in interventions. The belief that birth is a dangerous medical event, and that hypervigilance (even if it keeps identifying problems which don't actually exist thereby exposing women to fear and to avoidable surgery with all its attendant risks) is good in birth if it saves one baby in 10000, is responsible for the birth culture in hospital and people's fear of homebirth.

spudulika · 30/08/2011 21:10

"I was mostly concerned with dealing with the pain and didn?t care what my surroundings were"

Wondering if, as a psychiatrist, you've thought about how having your baby at home impacts on the relationship between the mother and her midwife? How the dynamic and balance of power changes? Midwives who specialise in homebirths sometimes feel that it's the last refuge of true midwifery - where they can pursue a practice based on close observation and to a certain extent, intuition without being subject to institutional pressures which can sometimes impact negatively on this aspect of their work. Midwives overwhelmingly prefer delivering mothers at home, despite their experience of witnessing and dealing with complications in hospital. And mothers who have had both a home and a hospital birth tend to express and overwhelming preference for homebirth. And tend to have better psychological outcomes afterwards.

As a psychiatrist I'd be asking what the impact might be of sending a woman caught up in a hormonally driven physiological process which is as intimate and primitive as sex and defecation, into a large and usually unfamiliar environment where she will be observed by strangers? An environment which prior to pregnancy she may well have primarily associated with illness and death?

My dealings with hospitals prior to having a baby had been visiting sick and dying relatives, or having frightening or unpleasant tests and treatments myself. I really don't associate them with feeling relaxed or positive, two things that are helpful in labour.

But maybe you feel differently as your experience of hospital prior to having a baby may well have been predominantly in the role of medic - in control.

Anyway, in some ways these things are all academic to me as the bottom line is - you go where your heart takes you. You've had such a cruel experience, losing a beloved baby. Sad I hope your next labour and birth is very joyful.

PinkFondantFancy · 01/09/2011 16:50

greycircles would you mind sharing what caused your friend and her baby to almost die?

crosshair what did you decide to do? I'm in a similar situation that I don't have the option of a MLU, so it's either homebirth or labour ward for me Confused

Curlybug · 09/09/2011 18:26

Oh no - Ive not been in control when I did work in a hospital - junior doctors are generally sat on by Everyone. I also much prefer working in people's homes and outpatient units so can understand the experiences of midwives.

I totally agree that hospitals can be frightening. Its just my fear of not being in one outweighs my fear of being in one. I saw my consultant today for feedback following the birth and he said when he was lecturing and he asked 'is pregnancy a normal state?' and everyone said yes, he would then explain how many hundreds of ways in which a pregnant person's body was different to a non-pregnant person's body, and therefore, in his opinion, not 'normal'. I dont know about that, but to me, pregnancy and birth will always be risky (even before) and seeking a more high tech place to be makes me feel safer. I can logically see that being hypervigilant to save one baby in 10000 doesnt make sense (and my husband would agree with that point) but emotionally that baby means a lot to someone.

Thank you for the debate - it has been really educational. I also hope life goes well for you x

LadyOfTheManor · 09/09/2011 19:37

I had a home birth...and I had 2 midwives all to myself and it was blissful.

Am due in 11+ and will be having another home birth...and my first birth was less than 3 hours so it could be a quick one.

I'm alive and kicking as is my son...and be dodged the risk of being paralysed by what I class as unnecessary drugs.

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