I have a fabulous book called 'Mothercraft by Mary Truby King. Fourteenth Impression. An Up-To-Date Exposition of the Truby King System of Mother and Child Welfare including a chapter on the Expectant Mother'.
Truby King was born in 1858 and died in 1938.
His advice (which was held in very high regard at the time in the 1930's onwards) was that "as soon as the mother has rested after childbirth, baby will be put to the breast and again (for two or three minutes) every six hours for the first thirtysix hours and thenceforth every four hours. In general, babies do best on four-hourly intervals (after the first thirtysix hours) with an eight hour interval at night....Baby gets very little from the breasts at first, but his regular suction is the natural means intended for the establishment of breastfeeding, and so baby must be wakened for his feeds when they are due. A little boiled warm water is given to baby by bottle after each nursing till the milk supply is established." He also said that "Care must be taken not to let baby suck too long at first as (1) he may be disgruntled at being kept at the breast for more than a minute or two when there is nothing there for him and (2) strong sucking at an empty breast for too long a time may cause skin of the nipple to crack. As milk comes in, baby can stay longer at the breast. Many babies get their full allowance when sucking for only five minutes at each breast, and no baby should be allowed to suck for more than ten minutes at each breast ( a total of twenty mintues at one feeding."
Now as a student midwife in 1983, we were taught to give water as a first feed at 6 hours old to make sure the baby did not have a defect in the oesophagus (we passed a nasogastric tube at bith to check that it was patent). Mothers would then feed their babies and top up with water by bottle to prevent jaundice. Where I trained was seen to be progressive as they had moved away from timing feeds. Most hospitals still advised starting feeds at 3 mins 1st day, then 5 mins then no longer than 10 mins. Mothers were told that babies got all they needed in 10 minutes each side.
Not much change there in 40 years!!
Women who had a good supply of milk could cope with these routines as they would lactate anyway. Women who needed more stimulation than was 'allowed', were then unable to produce enough milk because of the rigid routines.
Now I am sure you are wondering how to get a newborn baby to sleep all night?
"What to Do if Baby Wakes and Cries in the Night
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Change his napkin if wet, turn him over gently on to his other side, and tuck him in firmly.
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If he does not go to sleep but seems fretful, make sure there is sufficient air in the room. Baby cannot sleep properly in a stuffy atmosphere. Make sure that baby's feet are not cold. His clothing may be rucked, or there may be a pin pressing against his body.
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If he still does not settle, give him an ounce or so of warm boiled water - no milk.
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Baby may have wind. If the wind is in the stomach, give 1 teaspoon of dill-water in 2 teaspoons of warm boiled water, or a pinch of bi-carbonate of soda (baking soda) in a little warm boiled water. Then hold baby against your shoulder and gently rub his back. He may bring up some wind and feel relieved. If this is unsuccessful, wring a piece of flannel out of hottish water and apply it to the abdomen. Take care that it is not hot enough to burn baby.
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Should baby's abdomen be distended, give him an enema at 105 dgreed Fahr. This will help him to pass wind from the bowel. In the morning study the diet baby is having - wind and colic are usually results of over-feeding...."
The last gem of information I am going to share is when to wean.
" For the normal healthy mother and baby, complete breastfeeding is very strongly advised..If the baby's ninth month falls in the height of summer, weaning can be put off for a month or two, and baby may then be weaned very slowly, continuing to have at least one breast-feed daily until the weather is cooler. At six months, whether weaning has begun or not, baby may begin to have barley and oat jelly and vegetable broth. Wean, if possible, between the ninth and twelfth months. The younger the baby, the greater the risks. If the supply of breast milk is insufficient in the early months, make up the shortage at each feed with humanised milk, and do not substitute a bottle-feed for a breast-feed as when weaning"
I think this is the longest post I have ever done. Just wanted to illustrate the advice women were given for many years.