Mammahippo, give yourself a break! You're tired, you're worried for your DS, and you sound to me like a lovely responsive mama who doesn't want anyone to suffer undue upset.
So.
Have you tried safe co-sleeping? It's not uncommon for babies of his age to wake frequently to nurse (remember it's not just 'food', it's hydration, comfort, he gets a lovely hit of sleepy hormones, and a cuddle from his mother) and if he's already in bed with you, it's just a quick latch on then everyone can snooze again.
Have you read (or heard of) The No Cry Sleep Solution by Elizabeth Pantley? It's full of very gentle, pro-BF suggestions to get babies to sleep better. You can take what you need from it and leave what you don't think will work, but there's absolutely no CC.
If you don't want to night wean completely, there are ways to reduce the number of nursing sessions to maybe a more manageable 1 or 2 overnight. Have you tried having someone else (don't want to presume you've a DP who can step up) settle him at night? There may be some crying with this but crying angrily for boob while in the arms of a loving parent is very different to being left crying alone in the dark with his upset ignored and unvalued. Will he take a sip of water at all at night? If you do night wean completely then you lose a valuable comforting tool when he's ill, teething or growth spurting, which will essentially result in more sleep lost.
It will pass. At what age, who knows, but you won't be feeding him to sleep at 10, or 15. It's so hard to keep things in context when you're blimming knackered but it will get better.
Also remember, people LIE about their babies sleeping through. They really do.