I think there are two types of time out and two types of tantrums.
Time out 1:
Any time the child is disobedient they are put to time out for x amount of time. When time is up they come out.
Time out 2:
Child is in time out until they are calm and ready to come out, they make the call not the parents.
Tantrum 1:
I want an ice cream, mum says no a fit ensues
Tantrum 2:
I am really overhelmed due to tiredness, hunger, my brother stealing my toys.
We use time out option 2 for tantrum number 1.
If we are at a home the child being aggressive/disruptive due to not getting what they want is calmly told "I can see you are frustrated but you are disrupting he family and none of us like it, please go and calm down until you are ready to join us" sometimes you can tell the child needs an adult to sit with them for a while other times the child prefers to be left alone with their books etc.
They always emerge on their own ready to integrate with the group.
We don't do time out number 1.
Tantrum number 2 is always handled with calm soothing actions to remedy the tiredness hunger or frustration. Most of the number 2 tantrums can be prevented by thinking ahead.
We also use " Stand to decide " (picked this up from dr. Sears)
Let's say you ask a child to tidy up their toys, they refuse (note you will have warned them that tidy up time is coming soon)
The refusing child is then moved to the side, and told to stand there (there is no isolation of wall facing) until they are ready to decide to help.
We have a very stubborn child who once chose to stand to the side instead of going to the beach (we were tidying up to leave to go the beach)
He now does what we say first time.
I don't want blindly obedient children, I don't want children who do forced apologies but I do expect children to pitch in and work cooperatively within the dynamics of our family.
I think I've done ok in my minuscule parenting experience. (5,3 and pregnant)