I would try and work my way through a sensory diet, keep notes or photos in case you ever feel you need more help when he is older. This is a comprehensive list with ideas for all ages so not all will be useful now:
www.ot-innovations.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/sensory_diet_checklist_2007pdf.pdf
If there is any input that calms him down a bit then you might find a little bit of respite. At that age, my son was happier naked or in a bath, not for a purpose which just brought out his oppositional defiance, but just for the feel of it.
You could try ear defenders (but don't do what I do and wear them yourself
.)
Try to remember he doesn't have the skills to achieve what he needs to do, rather than focusing on the behaviour that is a result of that. He might not be able to switch between tasks or allow for flexibility of outcomes. So while the tablet was a great idea, perhaps he doesn't have the necessary skills to go with that just yet. If watching a screen calms him, let him be calm for yours and his own sanity, it's not bad parenting. You will be able to catch your breath.
It's sometimes worth going back a stage or more, so even though he is still very little, if he can't put something like Duplo together, what would you give a younger child? You could take them away and try plain blocks, or something with velcro that will do the sticking for him.
I have used backward chaining a lot for my son. There is an article here:
www.verywell.com/backward-chaining-3105608 Ignore the fact that it is aimed at special needs, if a technique works it works. So at his age, you might build something except for the last part and ask him to do it. He might respond to the confidence that will give him.
As far as eating goes, if you haven't already, ask your gp to refer you to an OT to check he has proper muscle tone and mobility around his mouth and throat. They can check he is developing the eating skills he needs. If these aren't in place it can be terrifying for a child, the fear of choking is overwhelming - and can affect their whole day. If he hasn't developed something as you would expect, they will be able to give you exercises or equipment to help.
I would also say even at two, it's helpful to validate his feelings. So if he is angry you can name that feeling for him. It doesn't mean you are condoning his behaviour. If he screams and throws food, you can still say "I can see you are really mad." without it being permission to do it.
You can see now why I asked if you wanted any suggestions, I do go on and on and on.