OK...so where are the sanctions for his poor behaviour would be my question? I'm a secondary teacher (plus mother of 5) and as far as I can see from your post your response to his poor behaviour yesterday morning was to talk to him last night and tell him he needed to respect you. I'm not quite sure what you think his school will do about the fact that he whinges and refuses to do what he is told at home. You don't appear to have done anything about the arguing, feet banging, claims of hallucinating tonight either.
If children behave badly, and get away with no sanction at all, then there is no reason for them to do as they are told. Appealing to them to 'behave nicely' very rarely works. What you need to do is to be firm, consistant and make it clear that poor behaviour will have unpleasant consequences - to the point where it is not worth doing it again.
With the trainer issue I would have said firmly, 'You cannot wear trainers to school because it is against the rules. Go and put your shoes on now as I have to be out of the house in three minutes. Thank you'. I would have then walked out of the door. If he'd appeared in the trainers I would have told him, 'As you have refused to do as you are told there will be no XBox (insert own punishment) tonight. In addition I shall phone the school and tell them I am quite happy for you to be given a lunchtime detention, or whatever sanction they see fit, because of your failure to wear the correct footwear. We need to go now'.
Any whining, answering back, etc needs to be met with a 'Do not speak to me in that tone of voice. I am not prepared to put up with it. If you do it again you will be missing football practice/swimming/TV for the night, whatever will be most unpleasant.
You need to be consistant and pull him up EVERY single time he speaks to you with a lack of respect, EVERY time he refuses to do something, EVERY time he argues back. It is hard work, but will pay off. But the consequences for poor behaviour have to be such that he realises that it is not worth carrying on like this. Because otherwise in the next couple of years or so he is going to be WAY out of your control. And that is not a happy thing for any of you.