Kalypso, it is just awful isn't it. In my DS's case I am sure it was all about control. He potty trained like a dream last summer at 2.8-2.9 ish, wees and poos, day and night, all fine, done and dusted in a fortnight. I was expecting DD and I am pretty sure he started witholding when my bump got big enough for him to realise that this baby people kept talking about was actually for real.
Here is my post almost a year ago.
Since that post the witholding ramped up and ramped up and really he'd only poo with a lot of bribery and Lactulose. Christmas was hell - his stubborness combined with loads of Christmas party food crap, meant that Christmas Day was Day 9 of No-Poo. He was doubled up in pain, whining and moaning and had got to the pointy where poo was not going to be coming simply by sitting on the potty and having a push. Boxing Day saw me at 24 hr Boots begging for anything to shift the poo from a 3 yo. On the basis that he is a big lad for his age, pharmacist reluctantly gave me some suppositories for 4+. DH duly administred them and they worked their "magic" with many tears and screams and cramps in about 20 mins. Then, over the course of 3 or 4 days, the rest came slowly, and painfully. It took a swim to shift the last bit. Fortunately we were the only people in the pool and changing room when the last bit came out. I had to pull it out of DS's bum in the changing rooms by hand!
All this time, DS was increasingly tired and grumpy. Me too- it absolutely brought out the worst in me, and I was so frustrated the he just wouldn't go and got into this situation! Compounded by have a 2 month old baby demanding my every moment too!
Since Christmas, he has got better - not perfect and it has been a long, long haul, with many "lost" weekends, where he has been too grumpy, tired or in too much pain to take out, which I found very hard to deal with. I did speak to my HV about him, to tell me just to carry on with what I was doing, and that it is very common. In May I took him to the GP because I thought he needed referring for behaviour/psycho analysis, but GP said he was OK for now, just to go with it.
So we have just gone with it. I make sure that DS eats loads of fruit and veg, and have seemed to have engineered a situation where his favourite food is wholewheat crackers! I also give him loads of water through the day and apple juice for breakfast. He now seems to poo once every three days or so. If he hasn't pooed for this much time, I give him a big dollop of Lactulose in his milk, and if nothing has happened for 5 days, then he gets a dose of liquid senna in his milk. He won't take "poo medicine" so I have to be stealthy. Luckily, both "hide" well in milk.
SO what did we do?
Firstly, an MNer recommended this book which is very good. I upped his fibre intake too, to try and keep things going. After a couple of bouts of constipation, your child's gut will have gone "big and baggy" so it takes longer for him to get the urge to poo until the muscles tone up again. For this reason I kept up daily doses of Lactulose (Pharmacy of GP) to keep everything soft until it came out. About 8 weeks, then every other day doeses for a few more weeks.
We'd read www.scribd.com/doc/28743654/Poo-Goes-to-Pooland-1-1 this a lot too - I changed the name and some words to make it easier for DS to relate too. This too.
Potty in front of TV didn't work. It wasn't that he was bored, he just didn;t want to go.
We have had lots more tears and frustration, but have never got back to the horror of last Christmas. Running around, a swim, trampolining or a good tickel seems to get them out too! When DS had Chicken Pox a couple of months ago, he poo-ed every day. I think, because he was too weak and tired to resist it. He is still a bit of a reluctant poo-er, but does goes 2-3 times a week, which seems normal for him. He still gets nazzy when he needs a poo, but maybe only for a hour, not several days. He gets lots of praise - this is what he responds to rather than bribery.
When I took him to the GP I think DS realised that I was really worried about him and got a bit better after that. Occasionally I'll say "On no, do I need to take you back to see Dr So and So...." and that normally gets things going.
Yesterday he went up a group at Nursery and he will be 4 tommorow. He was watching Cbeebies before bed and went for a poo by himself and tried to wipe his bottom too. I think there's a bit of growing up going on there too! I do hope it lasts....
So, lots of time, lots of praise, lots of fibre, lots of water, lots of patience. Good luck !