Ooooh I was in a similar situation about 3 years ago, before dd was born. Except I could do only knit stitch and a weird, weird cast on...
I would really really recommend
simple knits for cherished babies
I think it ticks all your boxes, its what my mum gave me and I pretty much learnt to knit by working through the simple, yet nice, patterns.
You should be able to knit most of the stuff in the book with the skills you have already
and the stuff you don't have (eg buttonholes) - she doesn't say "now make a buttonhole", she pretty much tells you how to do them, and if she doens't have enough info for you, there are plenty of instruction online. Or agree, s&b is very good and clear for general basic info.
Also, get in the queue for ravelry , it is a really really good resource.
The best way to learn for ME is to have some one show me. Options for you might be your local yarn store, who are normally very happy to teach paying customers stuff, or you probably have a local knitting group.