A quilt is a fabric sandwich with a layer of fabric, wadding as the filling and another layer of fabric.
You need to make your top first and there are many methods of doing this from simple block squares to log cabin, applique and other square patterns. Try to make the bread part of your quilt sandwich from the same type of fabrics ie, all cotton or all fleece.
The simplest method is to use squares, cut out your squares to be the same size, eg 6.5" x 6.5" which gives you the classic seam allowance for quilts of 1/4"... when you iron the seams, don't press them open but press one row in one direction and the next row in the opposite direction so that you do not end up with bulky square seams.
When you have put together enough square blocks, press your backing fabric and lay it on a large flat , lay the wadding on top and then your stitched squares on top. You now need to hold the sandwich together which you do by basting. Double up your thread and make long tacking stitches vertically and then horizontally. You now need to decide how you will hold your sandwich together... you could use a quilting frame and stitch a pattern into the squares either with hand or machine stitching. You could stitch a button or charm to each corner of your squares or use another traditional method of using embroidery thread do a form of tailors marking - start on the top and pop you needle and thread through as if you were doing running stitch but leaving enough tail for you to tie a knot, bring the needle back to the front of the quilt and tie the thread off in a reef knot, repeat this at every corner.
To finish off your quilt, use a wide bias binding around your raw edges, mitering at each corner and sew your sandwich together
Hope that this all makes sense, obviously this is really simplified but it should give you a fighting chance :)