I've been under 3 times now, once in the 00's and twice in the past few years.
GA has come on a long way, when I went under in the 00's I was horrifically ill afterwards. I was so nervous for my next surgery a couple of years ago, it was on my neck (tumour removal) so a high risk site and I was so scared of throwing up afterwards from my previous experience as that could have caused a major bleed. But no, woke up and felt fine afterwards, fairly straight forward recovery.
The most recent op, definitely felt worse waking up, like I'd been hit by a truck but that's because they were very light on the pain management - they did warn me before hand, nature of a trauma injury recovery apparently.
I don't fully know the science behind it and what they do, but from chatting away with the anaesthetist, there's drugs that block the pain and drugs that knock you out. If they're worried about your vitals, they can increase pain blockers and "wake you up" - similar to surgeries that you are awake for, brain, c-section etc.
They're very skilled at what they do and they have one job in the theatre, and a team to do it.
As for discomfort, it will depend on your surgery but they're good at pain management in general. I personally experience acute, sharp pain at the incision site - have every time, but it's only when moving. The other pain, a little morphine and then paracetamol, Ibuprofen handled it to be comfortable when stationary.
Abdominal discomfort from GA will more be the painkillers, opioids cause constipation and so you need to be aware of that and make sure you're telling the nurses if you're not going (assuming you're not on full bed rest where they will know). To tell a cautionary tale about this, a family member has a major operation, on high dose of opioids and didn't pass a stool for over a week. When recovering at home, the blockage stopped them being able to pass urine for >24hrs and it became an emergency (risk of bladder rupture). Fortunately they only need an enema to fix it, albeit an uncomfortable and slightly embarrassing ordeal to go through. A simple laxative like Laxido (and sometimes a stimulant laxative too) reduces this risk significantly.
Finally, as others have mentioned, there's increase risk of blood clots, they often put you in stockings and also on blood thinners. It depends on how mobile you are post op and nature of surgery. I personally haven't been on blood thinners post op and both recent surgeries involved bed rest.
So, good questions to ask for recovery:
- What pain medications are available, what types are they, which ones can you take together and maximum doses can be asked for?
- Are they putting you on a blood thinner?
- What are the conditions to need to take a laxative?