OK, bit of a weird one, but this article published last month in Science Advances ("Synchronization of women’s menstruation with the Moon has decreased but remains detectable when gravitational pull is strong"), concludes that the increase of light pollution, and exposure to artificial light at night, has weakened the connection of our menstrual cycle with lunar cycles. It ends with "Because menstrual cycle length appears to be an age-dependent marker of female fertility, our findings may prove to be relevant not only to human physiology and behavior but also to fertility and contraception."
This makes me feel sad, a bit like finding out that turtle reproduction is messed up by artificial light because the hatchlings navigate to the water using the natural reflection of the moon and stars on the ocean’s surface. Instead of heading for the sea, they head for the local bar!
The effect on human reproduction is obviously less catastrophic, but still worth noting. The abstract says:
To increase reproductive success, many species synchronize reproductive behavior with a particular phase of the lunar cycle. The human menstrual cycle has also a period close to that of the lunar cycle, and recent studies suggest a temporary synchrony between menstrual and lunar cycles. Nevertheless, lunar influence on human reproductive behavior remains controversial. Here, we analyzed long-term menstrual records of individual women from the past 24 years and compared them with records from the past century. We show that women’s menstrual cycles recorded before the introduction of light-emitting diodes in 2010 and the extensive use of smart phones significantly synchronized with the Moon, while those after 2010 coupled to the Moon mostly in January. We hypothesize that the high gravimetric forces between the Moon, Sun, and Earth every January are sufficient for this coupling, while the increasing exposure to artificial light at night impinges on synchrony at other times.
Free PDF download from the link below, for anyone who understands science better than I do!
www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adw4096